AP Language Flashcards

9962556105	Ad Hominem	A fallacy that attacks the person rather than dealing with the real issue in dispute.	0
9962756884	Hasty Generalization	Arguer draws conclusions based on insufficient evidence (ex. stereotypes).	1
9962763928	Faulty Use of Authority	Authority used to back up the argument is not an authority or their are signifiant differences in opinion among authorities.	2
9962773582	Inductive Fallacy	Arguer leaps to a conclusion on a basis of wrong or insufficient evidence.	3
9962776775	Deductive Fallacies	Arguer fails to follow the logic of a series of statements.	4
9962804942	Post Hoc	Because one event follows another event, the first event must have caused the second.	5
9962808711	False Analogy	Analogy is made without proving a connection between the things compared.	6
9962819244	Begging the Question	Arguer makes a statement that assumes that the very question being argued has already been proved.	7
9962829614	Straw Man	This move oversimplifies an opponent's viewpoint and then attacks that hollow argument.	8
9962873885	Two Wrongs Make a Right	Arguer diverts attention from their own flaws by attacking their opponent's flaws.	9
9962879297	No Sequitur	Argument made doesn't have anything to do with the subject being discussed.	10
9962890319	Ad Populum	Appeal to the prejudices of the people.	11
9962894687	Appeal to Tradition	A fallacy which assumes that something old is automatically better than something new.	12
9962556106	Allegory	A story in which each aspect of the story has a symbolic meaning outside the tale itself (ex. The Wizard of Oz).	13
9962556107	Ambiguity	The multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage.	14
9962556108	Alliteration	Repetition of initial consonant sounds.	15
9962556109	Allusion	A reference to another work of literature, person, or event.	16
9962556110	Analogy	A similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them.	17
9962556111	Antecedent	The word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun (ex. John is replaced with he).	18
9962556112	Aphorism	A concise statement of a truth or principle (ex. a barking dog never bites).	19
9962556113	Apostrophe	Address to an absent or imaginary person (ex. Ferris Bueller).	20
9962556114	Atmosphere	The feeling created in the reader by a literary work or passage (i.e. mood).	21
9962556115	Clause	A grammatical unit that contains both a subject and a verb.	22
9962556116	Colloquialism	The use of slang or informalities in speech or writing.	23
9962556117	Conceit	An extended metaphor that compares two very dissimilar things.	24
9962556121	Didactic	Intended to instruct.	25
9962556122	Euphemism	An indirect, less offensive way of saying something that is considered unpleasant.	26
9962556123	Extended Metaphor	A metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work.	27
9962556125	Generic Conventions	Features of a text that allow them to be put in a specific genre.	28
9962556127	Homily	A sermon, or a moralistic lecture.	29
9962556130	Inference	A conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning.	30
9962556131	Invective	An emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language.	31
9962556132	Loose Sentence	A complex sentence in which the main clause comes first and the subordinate clause follows.	32
9962556133	Metonymy (Synecdoche)	Using a single feature to represent the whole (ex. lend me your ear).	33
9962556134	Narrative	The telling of a story or an account of an event or series of events.	34
9962556135	Oxymoron	A figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase.	35
9962556136	Paradox	An apparently contradictory statement that actually contains some truth (ex. this statement is false).	36
9962567406	Parody	A work which imitates another in a ridiculous manner.	37
9962572751	Evocation	An imaginative recreation.	38
9962572752	Expose	A piece of writing that reveals weaknesses, faults, frailties, or other shortcomings.	39
9962575541	Pedantic	Excessively concerned with book learning and formal rules.	40
9962580324	Periodic Sentence	A sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end.	41
9962583468	Predicate Adjectives	An adjective, group of adjectives, or adjecive clause that follows a linking verb.	42
9962585547	Predicate Nominative	A noun or pronoun that follows a linking verb and renames or identifies the subject.	43
9962587605	Rhetorical Modes	Exposition, description, narration, argumentation.	44
9962591679	Exposition	A systematic interpretation or explanation (usually written) of a specific topic.	45
9962593514	Sarcasm	The use of irony to mock or convey contempt.	46
9962597987	Satire	A literary work that criticizes human misconduct and ridicules vices, stupidities, and follies (ex. The Animal Farm).	47
9962599865	Style	A basic and distinctive mode of expression.	48
9962604853	Subject Complement	Is a word or group of words that follows a linking verb and renames or describes the subject.	49
9962611731	Subordinate Clause	Created by a subordinating conjunction, a clause that modifies an independent clause.	50
9962613462	Syllogism	A form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion.	51
9962620898	Syntax	Sentence structure.	52
9962620899	Theme	Central idea of a work of literature.	53
9962624874	Understatment	The presentation of something as being smaller, worse, or less important than it actually is.	54
9962627527	Wit	Intellectually amusing language that surprises and delights.	55
9962629307	Concrete Detail	A highly specific, particular, often real, actual, or tangible detail; the opposite of abstract.	56
9962631344	Descriptive Detail	Graphic, exact, and accurate presentation of the characteristics of a person, place, or thing.	57
9962637262	Periodic Sentences	Sentence whose main clause is withheld until the end.	58
9963130338	Coordinate Clauses	Clauses of equal rank and structure.	59
9963132655	Complex Sentence	Both a subordinate and a main clause.	60
9963162689	c. circa (ca)	Used to show that a date is approximate.	61
9963169491	ib./ibid. (ibidem)	In the same passage or page quoted above.	62
9963175579	sic	Indicates a misspelling or error in a quoted source.	63
9963181546	viz	Namely (same as i.e.).	64
9963183519	vide	Refers the reader to an earlier statement or definition within the body of the essay.	65
9963215726	Citation	Author's Name, Title of Book (Place of Publication: Publisher, Year), Page Number.	66
9963220080	In Text Citation	(Author Page #) or (Title)	67
9964726335	Epigram	A witty saying expressing a single thought or observation.	68
9964731970	Antithesis	Direct opposite.	69
9964746440	Juxtaposition	Placement of two things closely together to emphasize comparisons or contrasts.	70
9964756046	Platitude	Cliche.	71
9964758168	Compound Subject	Two or more subjects joined together usually by "and" or "or" that share a common verb.	72
9964774777	Assonance	Repetition of vowel sounds.	73
9964778339	Parable	A simple story used to illustrate a moral or spiritual lesson.	74
9964781360	Saga	A long detailed story.	75
9964793765	Caricature	An exaggerated portrayal of one's features.	76
9964800509	Entendre	Double meaning.	77
9964813210	Relative Clauses	A dependent clause that starts with a relative pronoun (that, where, who, etc).	78