APES-Chapter 5 Flashcards
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| 5786434132 | species richness | The number of species in an area. |  | 0 |
| 5786434133 | species evenness | The relative proportion of individuals within the different species in a given area. |  | 1 |
| 5786438963 | phylogeny | the branching pattern of evolutionary relationships. |  | 2 |
| 5786440005 | biodiverity | The variety of life in a given ecosystem. |  | 3 |
| 5786441873 | microevolution | The evolution below the species level. |  | 4 |
| 5786443535 | macroevolution | Major evolutionary change involving the whole taxonomic groups. |  | 5 |
| 5786445503 | phenotype | The organism's set of traits that are expressed. |  | 6 |
| 5786446219 | genotype | The organism's sets of genes. |  | 7 |
| 5786446658 | mutation | The random change in an organism's genetic code. |  | 8 |
| 5786447642 | recombination | the process by which a segment of the chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome. |  | 9 |
| 5786448869 | artificial selection | Humans determine which individuals to breed that will result to certain sets of traits. |  | 10 |
| 5786451904 | natural selection | Environment determines which individuals to survive and reproduce. |  | 11 |
| 5786453255 | gene flow | When individuals move from one population to another creating a change in the genetic composition in both groups. |  | 12 |
| 5786455766 | genetic drift | A change in the genetic composition of a population over time as a result of random mating. |  | 13 |
| 5786460969 | bottleneck effect | A reduction in the genetic diversity of a population caused by a reduction in its size. |  | 14 |
| 5786464222 | founder effect | A change in the genetic composition of a population as a result of descending from a small number of colonizing individuals. |  | 15 |
| 5786466546 | geographic isolation | Physical separation of a groups of individuals from others of the same species. |  | 16 |
| 5786474859 | allopatric isolation | The process of speciation caused by geographic isolation. |  | 17 |
| 5786527787 | reproductive isolation | When species from the same population can no longer interbreed and produce offspring resulting from evolutionary separation. |  | 18 |
| 5786554740 | Sympatric speciation | The evolution of the species into two, without geographic isolation. |  | 19 |
| 5786559328 | Genetically Modified Organism | The resulting organism from copying genes from a species and inserting them into another species. |  | 20 |
| 5786562427 | range of tolerance | Organisms can survive a certain range of abiotic factors but too little or too much may also affect their survival. |  | 21 |
| 5786568016 | Fundamental niche | The suite of abiotic conditions under which a species can survive, grow, and reproduce. |  | 22 |
| 5786570598 | Realized niche | The range of abiotic and biotic conditions under which a species actually lives. |  | 23 |
| 5786572445 | Distribution | Areas of the world in which the species lives. |  | 24 |
| 5786573494 | niche generalist | A species that can live under a wide range of abiotic or biotic conditions. | | 25 |
| 5786573495 | niche specialist | A species that is specialized to live at a specific habitat or to feed on a small group of species. |  | 26 |
| 5786583703 | mass extinction | A large extinction of species in a relatively short period of time. |  | 27 |