AP #2 Flashcards

6195963392	Epidermis	Epithelial Tissue (ET)	0
6195969715	Dermis	Areolar CT & Dense Irregular CT	1
6195975117	Epidermis Cells	Keratinocytes, Melanocytes, Langerhans'/Dendritic cells, Merkel Cells	2
6195980045	Keratinocytes	Produce keratin	3
6195981596	Melanocytes	synthesize the pigment MELANIN	4
6195988206	Langerhans'/ Dendritic Cells	arise from bone marrow and migrate to the epidermis to ingest foreign substances. they are key activators of our immune system	5
6196097707	Layers of the Epidermis	Stratum basale, Stratus spinosum, Stratus granulosum, Stratum lucidum, Stratum corneum	6
6196129612	Stratum basale (Basal layer)	deepest layer; attached to underlying dermis; resembles corrugated cardboard; consists of a single row of stem cells; rep. longest keratinocytes; aka stratum germinative	7
6196168023	Stratum spinosum (Prickly layer)	several cell layers thicks; cells contain a weblike system of intermediate filaments of bundles of pre-keratin filaments; keratinocytes have spines (prickle cells)	8
6196196576	Stratum granulosum (Granular layer)	1-5 cell layers in which keratinocyte appearance changes drastically & the process of keratinization begins	9
6196214503	Stratum lucidum (clear layer)	visible only in thick skin; views as a thin translucent band just above the stratum granulosum through a light microscope; consists of 2-3 rows of clear, flat, dead keratinocytes with indistinct boundaries	10
6196279584	Stratum corner (horny layer)	most superficial; consists of flattened, enucleated cells ; broad zone 20-30 cell layers thick accounting for up to three-quarters of the epidermal thickness; provides a durable overcoat for the body, protecting deeper cells from the hostile external environment (air) and from water loss, and rendering the body relatively insensitive to biological, chemical and physical assaults	11
6196313557	Merkel Cells (Tactile)	present at the epidermal junction; shaped like a spiky hemisphere; each cell is intimately associated with a dislike sensory nerve ending; functions as a SENSORY RECEPTOR for touch	12
6196327615	Dermis Layers (Dermal Layers)	Papillary Layer & Reticular Layer	13
6196357265	Papillary Layer	Layer of the Dermis; Made up of Areolar CT; Contains dermal papilla (piglike protections that indent the over lying epidermis) and meissners corpuscles (touch receptors)	14
6196391538	Reticular Layer	Layer of the Dermis; Made up of Dense Irregular CT; Contains Pacinian (lamellar) corpuscles (large receptors) and arrectors pili muscle (bundle of smooth muscle cells)	15
6196440346	Cutaneous Glands	Sudoriferous glands & Sebaceouss glands	16
6196447239	Suboriferous glands	produce sweat; over entire skin surface (ex. nipples & some external genitalia) contains: eccrine recreating glands & apocrine glands with fatty substances & proteins	17
6196464103	Sebaceous glands	produce sebum (oil); simple branched alveolar glands all over the body (ex. palms & soles)	18
6196473415	Tuberosity	Large rounded projection; may be roughened	19
6196699402	Crest	Narrow ridge of bone; usually prominent	20
6196703445	Trochanter	Very large, blunt, irregularly shaped process	21
6196705901	Line	Narrow ridge of bone; less prominent than crest	22
6196708345	Tubercle	Small rounded projection or process	23
6196709974	Epicondyle	Raised area on or above a condyle	24
6196711914	Spine	Sharp or slender, often pointed projection	25
6196714379	Process	Any bone prominence	26
6196716564	Head	Bony expansion carried on narrow neck	27
6196718192	Facet	Smooth, nearly flat articular surface	28
6196719815	Condyle	Rounded articular projection	29
6196722369	Ramus	Armlike bar of bone	30
6196722370	Sinuses	Cavity within a bone; filled with air & lines with mucous membrane	31
6196727067	Meatus	Canal-like passageway	32
6196730098	Fossa	Shallow, basin-life depression in a bone; often serving as an articular surface	33
6196733821	Groove	Furrow	34
6196735242	Fissure	Narrow, slitlike opening	35
6196735243	Foramen	Round or oval opening through a bone	36
6196738420	Notch	indention at the edge of a structure	37