AP Bio Functional Groups Flashcards

4831412575	Hydroxyl- Molecular Formula	-OH	0
4831414271	Hydroxyl- Name Of Compound	Alcohols	1
4831417200	Hydroxyl- Example		2
4831418250	Hydroxyl- Useful Information	Can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules, helping dissolve organic compounds such as sugars	3
4831419241	Carboxyl - Name of Compound	Carboxylic acids	4
4831424314	Carboxyl- Example of Molecular Formula		5
4831412359	Carboxyl - Molecular Formula	-COOH	6
4831433452	Carboxyl- Useful Info	Has acidic properties (is a source of hydrogen ions) because the covalent bond between oxygen and hydrogen is so polar.	7
4831443862	Carbonyl - Name of Compounds	Ketones: if the carbonyl is within a carbon skeleton. Aldehydes: if the carbonyl group is at the end of the carbon skeleton.	8
4831447833	Cabronyl - Useful Information	Ketones and aldehydes can be be structural isomers of varying properties, i.e. acetone and propanol.	9
4831433652	Carbonyl - Molecular Formula	>CO	10
4831455628	Carbonyl - Example of Molecular Formula		11
4831450093	Sulfhydryl - Name of Compound	Thiols	12
4831459028	Sulfhydryl - Example		13
4831480878	Sulfhydryl - Useful Information	Two sulfhydryl groups can react, forming a covalent bond. This "cross-linking" helps stabilize protein structure.	14
4831443601	Sulfhydryl - Molecular Formula	-SH/HS-	15
4831424047	Amino-example		16
4831450977	Amino - Useful Information	Acts as a base; can pick up an H+ from the surrounding solution (water in living organisms)	17
4831453611	Amino - Name of the organic compound	Amines	18
4831471834	Amino - Amino Formula	-NH2	19
4831468444	Phosphate- Molecular Formula	-OPO3 2-	20
4831500234	Phosphate- Name of Compound	Organic Phosphates	21
4831500547	Phosphate- Example		22
4831501969	Phosphate- Useful Information	Has the potential to react with water releasing energy	23