AP Biology Biochemistry Flashcards
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| 5431939007 | Polar | A molecule where one part is positively charged and another is negatively charged. |  | 0 |
| 5431966066 | Hydrophilic | Molecules that are polar and can dissolve in water or associate with other polar molecules. |  | 1 |
| 5431976509 | Hydrophobic | Molecules that are nonpolar and do not dissolve in water or associate with polar molecules. |  | 2 |
| 5431992742 | Monosaccharide | The smallest carbohydrates; sugars |  | 3 |
| 5432001562 | Polysaccharide | A chain of more than 10 linked monosaccharides; ex. a starch. |  | 4 |
| 5432012048 | Hydrolysis | Reaction in which molecules are broken down into smaller components through the addition of water. |  | 5 |
| 5432024803 | Dehydration Synthesis | Reaction in which molecules are synthesized from smaller components through the removal of water. |  | 6 |
| 5432036515 | Lipid | Nonpolar organic compounds such as oils and fats. |  | 7 |
| 5432055153 | Phospholipid | A lipid composed of two fatty acid chains and a phosphate group; the main component of cell membranes. |  | 8 |
| 5432074915 | Amino Acid | The building block of proteins. |  | 9 |
| 5432080102 | Prion | An infectious agent composed entirely of protein, contains no genetic material. |  | 10 |
| 5432087842 | Denaturation | The unfolding of a protein in such a way that its structure and function are compromised. Often caused by extreme condition such as heat. |  | 11 |
| 5432102825 | Nucleic Acid | Genetic material such as DNA and RNA, composed of nucleotides containing a nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, and a sugar. |  | 12 |
| 5432114693 | Anabolism | A metabolic reaction in which complicated molecules are built from simpler ones, energy is required. |  | 13 |
| 5432122124 | Catabolism | A metabolic reaction in which energy is released through the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones. |  | 14 |
| 5432135994 | Activation Energy | The energy input required to start a reaction |  | 15 |
| 5432135995 | Coenzyme | An organic compound necessary for the functioning of an enzyme. |  | 16 |
| 5432138001 | Cofactor | An organic or inorganic molecule necessary for an enzymatic reaction to take place |  | 17 |
| 5432138002 | Allosteric Site | A region on an enzyme that can regulate the functioning of the enzyme, but is not where the substrate binds. |  | 18 |
| 5432179586 | Active Site | The region of the enzyme where the substrate binds. |  | 19 |
| 5467522050 | Enzyme | A type of protein that catalyzes reactions (such as dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis) | 20 |