AP Biology Population Ecology Flashcards
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| 9432150956 | Population | all the organisms belonging to the same species at a certain place/time | 0 | |
| 9432150957 | Community | 2 or more populations living at a certain place at certain time; no abiotic factors. | 1 | |
| 9432150958 | ecosystem | community + abiotic factors | 2 | |
| 9432150959 | biosphere | all ecosystems on earth | 3 | |
| 9432150963 | population density | how many organisms per square unit area | 4 | |
| 9432150964 | population distribution | the pattern of dispersal of individuals within the area of interest | 5 | |
| 9432150992 | dispersion | the pattern of spacing among individuals within the boundaries of the population | 6 | |
| 9432150995 | clumped dispersion | individuals aggregate in patches, may be influenced by resource availability and behavior ex. school of fish |  | 7 |
| 9432150996 | uniform dispersion | individuals are evenly distributed, may be influenced by social interactions such as territoriality ex. penguins |  | 8 |
| 9432150997 | random dispersion | position of each individual is independent of other individuals, occurs in the absence of strong attractions or repulsions, ex. dandelions in a field |  | 9 |
| 9432150965 | limiting factors | factors that particularly determine whether an organism lives in an area | 10 | |
| 9432150973 | carrying capacity | the maximum number of individuals of a given species the environment can support. The closer the population size gets to the carrying capacity, the greater the environmental resistance will be. | 11 | |
| 9432150974 | cohort | all the members of a population born at the same time | 12 | |
| 9432150975 | survivorship | the probability of newborn individuals of a cohort surviving to particular ages. | 13 | |
| 9432150982 | Density-independent factors | Used to describe populations with birth rates and death rates that do not vary with density. Abiotic factors, like weather and natural disasters | 14 | |
| 9432150983 | density-dependent factors | Used to describe populations with birth rates and death rates that rise with increasing density. Biotic factors, like parasitism, competition, and predation | 15 | |
| 9432150988 | zero population growth | no increase in population | 16 | |
| 9432150993 | immigration | the influx of new individuals from other areas | 17 | |
| 9432150994 | emigration | the movement of individuals out of a population | 18 | |
| 9432150998 | demography | the study of the vital statistics of a population and how they change over time, study birth and death rates | 19 | |
| 9432150999 | survivorship curve | graphic way of representing the data in a life table | 20 | |
| 9432151000 | Type 1 Survivorship Curve (humans) | low death rates during early and middle life, then an increase among older age groups | 21 | |
| 9432151001 | Type 2 Survivorship Curve (squirrels) | the death rate is constant over the organism's life span | 22 | |
| 9432151002 | Type 3 Survivorship Curve (trees and salmon) | high death rates for the young, then a slower death rate for survivors | 23 | |
| 9432151004 | J Shaped Curve | expontential population growth has this type of curve, iit characterizes some rebounding populations | 24 | |
| 9432150968 | exponential population growth | population increase under idealized conditions, under these conditions, the rate of reproduction is at its maximum, cannot be sustained for long in any population -lag phase: the growth is slow because population is small -during this phase, growth is accelerating | 25 | |
| 9432151005 | logistic population growth | per capita rate of increase declines as carry capacity is reached | 26 |