AP Flashcards

7498007839	Neuron	a nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system	0
7498007840	Soma	Cell life,support center	1
7498007841	Dendrites	Branchlike parts of a neuron that are specialized to receive information.	2
7498007842	Axons	Carry impulses away from the cell body	3
7498007843	neural impulse	Electrical signal traveling down the axon	4
7498007844	myelin sheath	covers the axon of some neurons and helps speed neural impulses	5
7498007845	terminal branches	form junctions with other cells	6
7498007846	Ions	positively and negatively charged atoms	7
7498007847	action potential	A neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels down an axon.	8
7498007848	Depolarization	voltage change that occurs when the difference in charge across a membrane decreases	9
7498007849	Hyperpolarization	membrane potential becomes more negative	10
7498007850	Threshold stimulus	stimulation level that must be exceeded to elicit a nerve impulse or a muscle contraction	11
7498007851	refractory period	resting time; occurs in both neuron firing and in human sexual response	12
7498007852	sodium-potassium pump	a carrier protein that actively transports K+ ions into and Na+ ions out of cells	13
7498007853	All or none response	a neuron's reaction of either firing (with a full-strength response) or not firing.	14
7498007854	Astrocytes	Provide structural and metabolic support for neurons.	15
7498007855	Synapse	A junction where information is transmitted from one neuron to the next.	16
7498007856	resting potential	electrical charge across the cell membrane of a resting neuron	17