APES Flashcards
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| 5556063546 | commensalism | one species benefits from the relationship while the other in unaffected | 0 | |
| 5556068925 | amensalism | one species suffers from the relationship while the other is unaffected | 1 | |
| 5556076502 | saprotrophism | living off eating dead organisms | 2 | |
| 5556083527 | trophic cascade | each level controls the level above it | 3 | |
| 5556089651 | habitat facilitation | one species indirectly improves the habitat of third species by its interaction with the second | 4 | |
| 5556095259 | exploitation competition | one predator eats prey, causing the other predator of that prey to go down | 5 | |
| 5556104551 | wild biosphere | 23% of land as of 2000 (cold and xeric land) | 6 | |
| 5556114767 | ecosystem processes | a function of population density and land use | 7 | |
| 5556128104 | cline | change in ecosystems as you change elevation or latitude | 8 | |
| 5556130186 | ecotone | gradient between any two adjacent ecosystems or biomes (no straight dividing line between a swamp and a meadow) | 9 | |
| 5556141078 | photosynthesis | 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2 | 10 | |
| 5556147143 | net primary productivity | the rate at which an ecosystem's producers convert solar energy to chemical energy minus the rate at which producers use energy for aerobic respiration | 11 | |
| 5556154564 | species diversity | number and abundance of species present in different communities | 12 | |
| 5556156945 | ecological diversity | variety of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems found in an area or on earth | 13 | |
| 5556160344 | functional diversity | biological and chemical processes such as energy flow and matter recycling needed for the survival of species, communities, and ecosystems | 14 | |
| 5556162822 | genetic diversity | variety of genetic material within a species or a population | 15 | |
| 5556165316 | theory of island biogeography | island size up, # of species up; distance from the mainland up, # of species down; species richness seems to increase productivity and stability or sustainability, and provide insurance against catastrophe | 16 | |
| 5556176783 | directional selection | population shifts towards one extreme | 17 | |
| 5556179557 | stabilizing selection | populations shifts towards the mean or intermediate phenotype | 18 | |
| 5556183574 | disruptive selection | population splits towards both extremes | 19 | |
| 5556185667 | allopatric speciation | population is isolated by physical, geographic barriers | 20 | |
| 5556185668 | sympatric speciation | populations remain in the same area but isolate due to other mechanisms | 21 | |
| 5556199327 | edge effects | the changes in population or community structures that occur at the boundary of two habitats | 22 | |
| 5556211182 | r selected organisms | prey animals and plants: have a lot of offspring to try and compete | 23 | |
| 5556211183 | doubling time for a population | 70/percent | 24 | |
| 5556233186 | total fertility rate (TFR) | average number of children born to women in a population | 25 |