AP Psychology - Social Psychology Flashcards

9552153757	Philip Zimbardo	Prison experiment (6 days - the guards became evil and by the end everyone thought it was a real prison), fried grasshopper experiment	0
9552153758	Solomon Asch	Developed the line test to test for conformity- people conformed 33% of the time	1
9552153759	Leon Festinger	Proposed the cognitive dissonance theory	2
9552153760	Stanley Milgram	Student of Asch, shock experiments with the "teacher" and "learner", tested obedience (which varied based on circumstances in each experiment)	3
9552153761	Social psychology	explore how we think about, influence, and relate to eachother	4
9552153762	attribution theory	internal disposition or external situations, proposed by Fritz Heider	5
9552153763	situational attribution	we attribute something to the situation	6
9552153764	dispositional attribution	we attribute something to our personality	7
9552153765	fundamental attribution error	we overestimate the influence of personality	8
9552153766	actor-observer effect	seeing the world from the actor's perception we better appreciate the situation, how we view thing from the outside or n the actor's view	9
9552153767	self-serving bias	we like to skew our perceptions to make ourselves seem better, like attributing good things to ourselves and bad to the situation	10
9552153768	central route persuasion	people are analytical and involved with the problem, giving facts, demonstrating, etc. (focus on arguments and respond with favorable thoughts), less superficial	11
9552153769	peripheral route persuasion	people respond to incidental cues, attractiveness, celebrity endorsement, etc. (faster judgements)	12
9552153770	foot-in-the-door phenomenon	people agree to a small action and then are more likely to agree to a larger one -Cialdini	13
9552153771	familiarity effect	being familiar/ recognizing with something and thus being affected by it	14
9552153772	validity effect	you hear about something often and thus believe it more (ex: I've heard it a lot, so it's probably true)	15
9552153773	role	the set of expectations (norms) about a social position, defining how those in the position ought to behave	16
9552153774	cognitive dissonance theory	when we know our attitudes and actions don't match -Festinger	17
9552153775	conformity	adjusting behavior and thinking toward a group standard, Chartrand studied the chameleon effect where humans copycat and Asch developed the line test	18
9552153776	normative social influence	we understand social norms because the price for being different is severe, influence resulting from a person's desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval	19
9552153777	informational social influence	influence resulting from willingness to accept others' opinions about reality	20
9552153778	social facilitation	people perform better when competing against others- only in simple tasks. For harder ones, people performed worse when being watched.	21
9552153779	social loafing	tendency for people to work less in a group	22
9552153780	deindividuation	abandoning normal restraints to power of group, loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity (ex: KKK, riots, food fights, tribal masks, etc.)	23
9552153781	group polarization	amplification of group's prevailing tendencies- terrorism!	24
9552153782	Groupthink	to preserve good feelings dissents are self-censored, desire for harmony in a group- Janis came up with this	25
9552153783	culture norm	rules for accepted and expected behavior	26
9552153784	personal space	body buffer zone! (personal bubble please)	27
9552153785	Prejudice	prejudgement (the attitude, not the action)	28
9552153786	Stereotype	a trait commonly associated with a type of person (ex: dumb blondes), rationalize inequalities	29
9552153787	ethnocentrism	people believe their own race is best	30
9552153788	contact hypothesis	interaction/ contact can help people accept each other	31
9552153789	discrimination	predisposition to action (the prejudiced beliefs may influence such acts)	32
9552153790	implicit and explicit attitudes	internal and external attitudes (what we really feel vs. what we show or say on the outside)	33
9552153791	Implicit Association Test	test what people associate other people with (ex: black names = violence)	34
9552153792	Ingroup	us	35
9552153793	Outgroup	them	36
9552153794	ingroup bias	people like their own group best	37
9552153795	scapegoat theory	finding someone to blame releases tension	38
9552153796	other-race effect	tendency to recognize your own race more accurately	39
9552153797	social identity	we associate ourselves with certain groups and contrast ourselves with others	40
9552153798	ethnic identity	we associate ourselves with a certain ethnicity and contrast ourselves with others (?)	41
9552153799	just-world phenomenon	Good behavior is rewarded and bad behavior is punished, believe that other people get what they deserve	42
9552153800	blaming the victim	people think that the victim is partly to blame for their situation	43
9552153801	aggression	any physical/verbal behavior intended to destroy	44
9552153802	frustration-aggression principle	frustration creates anger which may create aggression	45
9552153803	mere-exposure effect	the more you are around someone or something the more you like it or them	46
9552153804	passionate love	physical arousal and cognitive appraisal, temporary, beginning of a love relationship	47
9552153805	companionate love	deep affectionate attachment, comes after passionate stage	48
9552153806	equity	both partners receive in proportion to what they give	49
9552153807	self-disclosure	revealing intimate details about ourselves	50
9552153808	altruism	unselfish regard for welfare of others	51
9552153809	bystander effect	when more people share the responsibility to help, any single observer is less likely to help	52
9552153810	diffusion of responsibility	bystander effect, people feel less responsible when in the presence of others	53
9552153811	social exchange theory	maximize reward and minimize cost	54
9552153812	reciprocity norm	we help others who have helped us - expectation that people will help, not hurt, those who have helped them	55
9552153813	social-responsibility norm	we help others who need our help, expectation that people will help those dependent upon them	56
9552153814	conflict	perceived incompatibility of actions, goals or ideas	57
9552153815	self-fulfilling prophecy	influence makes you act so that it comes true (Ex: You think he hates you, so you act coldly to him. He is offended and thus does hate you)	58
9552153816	superordinate goals	goals that bring people together to cooperate	59
9552153817	attitude	feelings that influence our thoughts, actions, etc.	60