APES Flashcards

9762734625	units of time from largest to smallest	eon, era, periods, epochs, stages	0
9762740636	strata	rock layers	1
9762747993	principle of superposition	any given layer is probably older than the those above it and youner than those below it	2
9762767006	when did prokaryotes form	3.5 billion years ago	3
9762774028	when did eukaryotes form	1.5 billion years ago	4
9762805013	earth is divided into 3 sections	biosphere, hydrosphere, internal structure	5
9772590949	albedo	reflectivity, ocean water has low, landmasses have moderate, snow and ice has high	6
9772610142	altitude	every 1,000 feet there is a 3 degrees drop	7
9772624734	ozone	produced in the production of photochemical smog, and by UV radiation and lighting. in stratosphere	8
9772649174	atmosphere layers from bottom to top	troposphere, tropopause, stratosphere, stratopause, mesosphere, mesopause, thermosphere	9
9772672052	troposphere	right above surface, 75% of atmospheres mass, temperature decreases going up, where weather occurs	10
9772689332	stratosphere	temperature increases due to absorption of UV radiation, ozone	11
9772703447	mesosphere	temperature decreases, coldest layer, meteors burn up in this layer	12
9772726365	thermosphere	temperature increases due to gamma rays, x-rays, and UV radiation, molecules are converted into ions, results in Aurora Borealis and Aurora Australis	13
9772764989	Consumption of carbon	results in cooling, carbonate rock weathering, silicate rock weathering	14
9772774973	production of carbon	results in heating, carbon formation in oceans, metamorphic breakdown of carbonate	15
9772813146	two main parts of the crust	basalt-rich oceanic crust and granite-rich continental crust	16
9772838509	continental crust	less dense, stratified and becomes denser with depth, composed of volcanic, sedimentary, and granite-type rocks, older areas dominated by metamorphic rock	17
9772881819	oceanic crust	basaltic rock overlain by sediments, thinner, denser, younger, and has different chemical composition	18
9772905277	mantle	most of earths mass, iron, magnesium, aluminum, and silicon-oxygen compounds, over 1800 degrees, upper third is asthenosphere	19
9772924287	lithosphere	solid, outer part of earth, includes the brittle upper portion of the mantle and the crust, always moving, broken into tectonic plates	20
9772966093	core	mostly iron, outer core is molten, inner core under such extreme pressure that it remains solid	21
9773009327	Alfred Wegener	in 1915 he proposed that all present day continents came originally from one landmass	22
9773030807	subduction zones	areas on earth where two tectonic plates meet and move toward each other with one sliding underneath the other and moving down the mantle	23
9773054573	types of boundaries	transform, divergent, convergent	24