AP Psychology History & Approaches Flashcards
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| 6504408780 | Empiricism | the view that knowledge originates in experience and that science should, therefore, rely on observation and experimentation | 0 | |
| 6504408781 | Structuralism (School of Psychology) | an early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the structural elements of the human mind | 1 | |
| 6504408782 | Functionalism (School of Psychology) | a school of psychology that focused on how our mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable us to adapt, survive, and flourish | 2 | |
| 6504408783 | Experimental Psychology (Domain) | the study of behavior and thinking using the experimental method | 3 | |
| 6504408784 | Behaviorism (School of Psychology) | the view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes; most research psychologists today agree with (1) but not with (2) | 4 | |
| 6504408785 | Humanistic Psychology (Approach/Perspective) | Emphasized the growth potential of healthy people and the individual's potential for personal growth | 5 | |
| 6504408786 | Psychology | the science of behavior and mental processes | 6 | |
| 6504408787 | Nature-Nurture Issue | the longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors; today's science sees traits and behaviors arising from the interaction of nature and nurture | 7 | |
| 6504408788 | Levels of Analysis | the differing complementary views, from biological to psychological to social-cultural, for analyzing any given phenomenon | 8 | |
| 6504408789 | Biopsychosocial (Approach/Perspective) | an integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis | 9 | |
| 6504408790 | Biological Psychology (Approach/Perspective) | a branch of psychology that studies the links between biological (including neuroscience and behavior genetics) and psychological processes | 10 | |
| 6504408791 | Evolutionary Psychology (Approach/Perspective) | the study of the roots of behavior and mental processes using the principles of natural selection | 11 | |
| 6504408792 | Psychodynamic Psychology (Approach/Perspective) | a branch of psychology that studies how unconscious drives and conflicts influence behavior, and uses that information to treat people with psychological disorders | 12 | |
| 6504408793 | Behavioral Psychology (Approach/Perspective) | the scientific study of observable behavior, and its explanation by principles of learning | 13 | |
| 6504408794 | Cognitive Psychology (Approach/Perspective) | the scientific study of all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating | 14 | |
| 6504408795 | Social-Cultural Psychology (Approach/Perspective) | the study of how situations and cultures affect our behavior and thinking | 15 | |
| 6504408796 | Psychometrics (Domain/Job) | the scientific study of the measurement of human abilities, attitudes, and traits | 16 | |
| 6504408797 | Basic Research | pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base | 17 | |
| 6504408798 | Development Psychology (Domain/Job) | the scientific study of physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span | 18 | |
| 6504408799 | Educational Psychology (Domain/Job) | the study of how psychological processes affect and can enhance teaching and learning | 19 | |
| 6504408800 | Personality Psychology (Domain/Job) | the study of an individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting | 20 | |
| 6504408801 | Social Psychology (Domain/Job) | the scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another | 21 | |
| 6504408802 | Applied Research | scientific study that aims to solve practical problems | 22 | |
| 6504408803 | Industrial-Organizational (I/O) Psychology (Domain/Job) | the applications of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in workplaces | 23 | |
| 6504408804 | Human Factors Psychology (Domain/Job) | the study of how people and machines interact and the design of safe and easily used machines and environments | 24 | |
| 6504408805 | Counseling Psychology (Domain/Job) | a branch of psychology that assists people with problems in living (often related to school, work, or marriage) and in achieving greater well-being | 25 | |
| 6504408806 | Clinical Psychology (Domain/Job) | a branch of psychology that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders | 26 | |
| 6504408807 | Psychiatry | a branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who often provide medical (i.e. drug) treatments as well as psychological therapy | 27 | |
| 6504408808 | Forensic Psychology (Domain/Job) | Apply psychological principles to legal issues. | 28 | |
| 6504408809 | Experimental Psychology (Domain/Job) | Work on research to add new knowledge to the field | 29 | |
| 6504408810 | Wilhelm Wundt | Founder of scientific psychology Father of Psychology Structuralism | 30 | |
| 6504408811 | G. Stanley Hall | First President of APA Structuralism | 31 | |
| 6504408812 | Edward Titchener | Structuralism Student of Wundt | 32 | |
| 6504408813 | Margaret Floy Washburn | First woman to complete PhD in psychology Structuralism | 33 | |
| 6504408814 | William James | wrote Principles of Psychology Functionalism | 34 | |
| 6504408815 | Mary Whiton Calkins | First woman president of the APA Functionalism | 35 | |
| 6504408816 | Ivan Pavlov | Behavioral Approach Classical conditioning of dogs | 36 | |
| 6504408817 | John Watson | Behavioral Approach Classical Aversive conditioning Little Albert Experiment | 37 | |
| 6504408818 | BF Skinner | Behavioral Approach Operant Conditioning (rewards/punishment) Skinner Box (pigeons) | 38 | |
| 6504408819 | Sigmund Freud | Psychoanalysis (Father of) | 39 | |
| 6504408820 | Jung Adler Horney Kohut | Psychodynamic Approach | 40 | |
| 6504408821 | Carl Rogers | Humanistic Approach Unconditional Positive Regard | 41 | |
| 6504408822 | Abraham Maslow | Humanistic Approach Hierarchy of Needs | 42 | |
| 6504408823 | Jean Piaget | Cognitive Approach Cognitive development in children | 43 | |
| 6504408824 | Plato & Descartes | Behavior is innate (nature) | 44 | |
| 6504408825 | Aristotle & Locke | Behavior results from experience (nurture) | 45 |