AP CSP Midterm Review Flashcards

5837945356	Innovation	- A novel or improved idea, device, product, etc, or the development thereof.	0
5837945357	Binary	A way of representing information using only two options.	1
5837946606	Bandwidth	Transmission capacity measure by bit rate	2
5837946607	Bit	- A contraction of "Binary Digit". A bit is the single unit of information in a computer, typically represented as a 0 or 1.	3
5837946608	Bit Rate	(sometimes written bitrate) the number of bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time. e.g. 8 bits/sec.	4
5837949037	Latency	Time it takes for a bit to travel from its sender to its receiver.	5
5837950429	Protocol	A set of rules governing the exchange or transmission of data between devices.	6
5837950430	ASCII	ASCII - American Standard Code for Information Interchange. ASCII is the universally recognized raw text format that any computer can understand.	7
5837952025	Code	to write code, or to write instructions for a computer.	8
5837952026	IETF	Internet Engineering Task Force - develops and promotes voluntary Internet standards and protocols, in particular the standards that comprise the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP).	9
5837954007	Internet	A group of computers and servers that are connected to each other.	10
5837954008	Net Neutrality	the principle that all Internet traffic should be treated equally by Internet Service Providers.	11
5837955592	IP Address	A number assigned to any item that is connected to the Internet.	12
5837955593	Packets	Small chunks of information that have been carefully formed from larger chunks of information.	13
5837958298	TCP	Transmission Control Protocol - provides reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery of a stream of packets on the internet. TCP is tightly linked with IP and usually seen as TCP/IP in writing.	14
5837958299	DNS	The service that translates URLs to IP addresses.	15
5837958300	HTTP	HyperText Transfer Protocol - the protocol used for transmitting web pages over the Internet	16
5837959934	Heuristic	a problem solving approach (algorithm) to find a satisfactory solution where finding an optimal or exact solution is impractical or impossible.	17
5837959935	Lossless Compression	a data compression algorithm that allows the original data to be perfectly reconstructed from the compressed data.	18
5837961826	Image	A type of data used for graphics or pictures.	19
5837961827	Metadata	- is data that describes other data. For example, a digital image my include metadata that describe the size of the image, number of colors, or resolution.	20
5837961828	Pixel	short for "picture element" it is the fundamental unit of a digital image, typically a tiny square or dot which contains a single point of color of a larger image.	21
5837963473	RGB	the RGB color model uses varying intensities of (R)ed, (G)reen, and (B)lue light are added together in to reproduce a broad array of colors.	22
5837967607	Lossy Compression	(or irreversible compression) a data compression method that uses inexact approximations, discarding some data to represent the content. Most commonly seen in image formats like .jpg.	23
5837969176	Abstraction	Pulling out specific differences to make one solution work for multiple problems.	24
5837969177	Aggregation	a computation in which rows from a data set are grouped together and used to compute a single value of more significant meaning or measurement. Common aggregations include: Average, Count, Sum, Max, Median, etc.	25
5837971809	Pivot Table	in most spreadsheet software it is the name of the tool used to create summary tables.	26
5837974379	Summary Table	- a table that shows the results of aggregations performed on data from a larger data set, hence a "summary" of larger data. Spreadsheet software typically calls them "pivot tables".	27