AP US History Chapter 4 Terms Flashcards

7473919948	Tenancy	-To rent land,tenants are renters they farmed elite nobles and gentry Farms	0
7473919949	Competency	-Ability for a family to keep their household independent through future generations, New Englanders wanted a farm that would provide a living for themselves and ample land for their children	1
7473919950	Household Mode of Production	-Practice where families traded labor and goods -Helped New-England free holders survive on small farms -as the populations of New England swelled farmers developed the full potential of historian... Ex: farmers plowed fields of shoemakers in return for shoes or store credit. Mostly because currency was short and supply	2
7473919951	Squatters	-People who illegally settle on land they do not own -Hoped to acquire it on legal terms -because in 1720 many new migrants became squatters because proprietors were overwhelmed with the demand for land	3
7473919952	Redemptioner	-if possible form of indentured servant today that allowed for families to negotiate their own terms upon arrival -Family usually indentured one or more children while their parents set up a household of their own. This was a way to pay for the expensive trip to Rhine valley	4
7473919953	Enlightenment	-Cultural movement in Europe -Used reason to reevaluate previous doctrines that were accepted in society -Caused people to think more logically and rationally -growing print culture flooded colonies with information and ideas at emphasize the power of human reason to understand and shape the world, the colonies grew more connected with Britain because the trans Atlantic trade shipping	5
7473919954	Pietism	-Evangelical Christian movement. That stress the individuals personal relationship with God -Emphasized bible -it came to America for the British because of the transatlantic shipping thing -One of two biggest cultural movements in Europe	6
7473919955	Natural Rights	-Rights that all people are entitled to -Life, liberty, property -it's a derive from the social context that people made to preserve their rights	7
7473919956	Deism	-Belief that God created the universe then left it to run using natural laws -Adopted by small number of urban artisans, wealthy virginia planters, and seaport merchants -Was not an established religion but rather a way of thinking -Benjamin Franklin was a member and so was Thomas Paine	8
7473919957	Revival	-Renewal of enthusiasm in Christian beliefs -occurred when German migrants carried over pietism to America	9
7473919958	Old Lights	-Conservative ministers who opposed the enthusiasm displayed by evangelical preachers -they persuaded the legislature to prohibit evangelist from speaking to a congregation without a minister's permission -They did not like the newlights because they allowed women to speak in public	10
7473919959	New Lights	-Evangelical preachers who believed that Christian faith was intellectual and emphasized spiritual rebirth -Allowed women to speak in public -refuse to be silenced by the old lights dozens of farmers and woman and artisans ran the country side condemning the old lights as unconverted and willingly accepting imprisonment. - Originated when Whitefield message made some listeners feel a new light, these are the peeps who are spreading Whitefield's message	11
7473919960	Consumer Revolution	-Increase in consumption of manufactured goods -Raised living standards -Landed many consumers and colonies in debt -Increase in transatlantic trade made Americans more dependent on overseas credit and markets	12
7473919961	Regulators	-Landowning protesters -Demanded the government provide western colonies with more courts, fairer taxation, and greater representation in the assembly -Ultimately failed to seize power from eastern elites but like the Paxton Boys in Pennsylvania the South Carolina regulators want attention to the back country	13
7474732393	Isaac newton	In the centuries after Coppernick us, Isaac Newton, and his principal of mathematics 1687, use the sizes of mathematics and physics to explain the movement of the planets around the sun and invented calculus in the process. He was profoundly religious, in the long run his work undermined the traditional Christian understanding of the cosmos though	14
7474732394	John Locke	natural rights And English philosopher: a major contributor to the enlightenment. In his essay concerning human understanding 1690 he stressed impact on the environment and experience on human behaviors and beliefs ,Arguing that the characters of individuals and societies was not fixed but could be changed to education rational thought and purposeful action. Wrote the two treaties of government 1690	15
7474732395	Benjamin Franklin	-Did examplar of the American enlightenment. Born in Boston in 1706 to devout Calvinist, he grew to manhood during the print revolution. Apprenticed to his brother, a Boston printer, Franklin educated himself through vigorous reading -at 17, he fled to Philadelphia, where he found it the Pennsylvania Gazette, which became one of the colonies most influential newspapers. -he also formed a club of mutual improvement that Matt weekly to discuss morals, politics, or natural philosophy. These discussions, as well as enlightenment literature, shaped his way of thinking. Asked Franklin explained in his autobiography 1771 -he is a deist -came to question the morality of slavery, repudiated it once he recognized the parallels between racial bondage and the calling is political bondage to Britain. He was a one time slave owner for this reason. He popularize the practice outlook I'll be enlightenment and poor Richards almanac and 1732 to 1752 an annual publication. -he also founded the American philosophical society to promote useful knowledge -adopting this goal in his own life, he invented glasses, the Franken stove, and the lightning rod. -his book on electricity published in England in 1751 was called the greatest contribution to science since newtons discovery -inspired by Franklin, ambitious printers in America seaport cities publish newspapers and gentlemen's magazine, the first significant non-religious periodical to appear in the colonies -50 Scot-Irish took up arms and advanced to Philadelphia but was stopped by Ben Franklin who arranged a truce	16
7474732396	Jonathan Edwards	A minister in Northampton Massachusetts, encourage a revival there that spread two towns throughout the Connecticut River Valley. He guided and observe the process and then published an account entitled a faithful narrative of the surprising work of God, printed first in London 1737, that in Boston in 1738, and then in German and Dutch translations. It's publication history highlights the transatlantic network of correspondence that gave pietism much of its vitality	17
7483345776	George Whitefield	English minister that transform the local revivals of Edwards and the Tennet into the great awakening. After his own personal awakening upon reading the German Resists.he became a follower of John Wesleyfounder of English methodism. 1739 he cared Wesley's favorite message to the Americas, where are you attracted a huge crowd from Georgia to Massachusetts	18
7483411481	Tanagharisson	To maintain influence on the Ohio, the Iroquois sent two half kings one of which was.......... (an adopted Seneca), to Logstown, A trading town on the upper Ohio, we're Britain recognize them as leaders -after Washington's party fought on the French detachment, he rushed in and killed a French officer to ensure war (French and Indian war)	19
7483421554	William Pitt	-emerged as the architect of the British war effort. He was a committed expansionist with the tongue of arrogance " I know that I can save this country and that I alone can." He boasted. A master strategist, he planned to cripple France by seizing its colonies (We had demographic advantages over the French) -to mobilize the colonies, he covered half the cost of the troops and supplied them with arms and equipment, at a cost of 1,000,000 pounds in a year -he also committed a fleet of British ship and 30,000 British soldiers to the conflict in America Fort Duquesne later renamed fort Pitt	20
7483455916	Pontiac	Ottawa chief, encourage the French to return (to land taken by the English) said "I am French, and I want to die French." - inspired by Neolin, he led a major uprising in Detroit many Indians throughout the Great Lakes and Ohio Valley follow his example, seized nearly every British military garrison west of Fort Nigeria,besieged Fort Pitt and killed or captured more than 2000 sellers -after the siege had been stopped, Pontiac and his allies accepted the Brits as Political "fathers"	21