AMSCO AP US History Chapter 6 Flashcards

AMSCO United States History 2015 Edition Chapter 6

5068826668	James Madison	"Father of the Constitution"; wanted a new document; took detailed notes during the convention. (p. 104)	0
5068826669	Framers of the Constitution	Rich, white, male, educated and most weree heavily involved in state governments. (p. 104)	1
5068826670	Alexander Hamilton	One of the authors of the Federalist Papers. He favored a strong central government. (p. 106)	2
5068826671	Gouverneur Morris and John Dickinson	Leaders who helped James Madison write the Constitution.	3
5068826672	Federalists	Favored a strong central government, favored a Constitution to improve on the Articles of Confederation. (p. 107)	4
5068826673	Anti-Federalist	Argued against the Constitution out of fear it created a central government that was too powerful. (p.. 107)	5
5068826674	Federalists Papers	Series of essays, later published as a book, written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay. It argued effectively in favor of Constitution. (p. 106)	6
5068826675	Bill of Rights	The first ten amendments added to protect the rights of individual citizens, adopted in 1781. (p. 108)	7
5068826676	Amendments	Changes to the Constitution	8
5068826677	economic sanctions	Efforts to boycott and other ways to protest the action of England in Intolerable Acts	9
5068826678	Washington's Farewell Address	George Washington's farewell address written in late 1796. It warned against: making permanent alliances in foreign affairs, not to from political parties, not to fall into sectionalism. (p. 115)	10
5068826679	permanent alliances	Washington warned against these as things that could obligate us to unnecessary alliances and actions. (p. 115)	11
5068826680	Alien and Sedition Acts	Acts by the Federalists which authorized the president to deport dangerous aliens, and detain enemy aliens in wartime. Made it illegal for newspaper editors to criticize the president ofr Congress. (p. 117)	12
5068826681	Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions	Two states passed resolutions that argued states had the right to nullify laws passed at the federal level. (p. 117)	13
5068826682	slave trade	International slave trade protected at Constitutional Convention for 20 years, after which Congress could vote to end it. (p. 105)	14
5068826683	infant industries	Term for new and developing industries which were supported by placing high tariffs on imported goods. This was part of Alexander Hamilton's economic plan. (p. 110)	15
5068826684	National bank tariffs; excise tariffs	Favored by Federalists in North as way to fund government/protect businesses; opposed by South and farmers	16
5068826685	Battle of Fallen Timbers	In 1794 the US Army led by General Anthony Wayne defeated the American Indians. (p. 113)	17
5068826686	Treaty of Greenville/Public Land Act	In this treaty the American Indians surrendered claims to the Ohio Valley and promised to open it to settlement. (p. 113)	18
5068826687	Mt. Vernon Conference	In 1785 George Washington Hosted a conference at his home, It led to the Annapolis Convention. (p. 104)	19
5068826688	Annapolis Convention	Only five states sent delegates, but led to Constitutional Convention in May 1787. (p. 104)	20
5068826689	Constitutional Convention	Delegates from all states but Rhode Island met in Philadelphia in May 1787	21
5068826690	Checks and balances	Designed to keep one branch of government from dominating the other	22
5068826691	Virginia Plan	"Large state" plan; wanted representation based on state population	23
5068826692	New Jersey Plan	"Small state" plan; called for representation to be equal regardless of size	24
5068826693	Connecticut Plan/Great Compromise	Est. a bicameral legislature that compromised for small and large states (House and Senate)	25
5068826694	House of Representatives	Representation in the House would be based on population of each state	26
5068826695	Senate	Two people per state, regardless of size	27
5068826696	Three Fifths Compromise	3/5's of a state's slave population would be counted for representation purposes	28
5068826697	Commercial Compromise	Allowed Congress to regulate interstate trade and foreign commerce	29
5068826698	Electoral college system	Process by which a President would be elected	30
5068826699	Legislative branch	This branch of government compromises Congress; it makes laws	31
5068826700	Congress	Legislative branch; House and Senate	32
5068826701	Executive department	Organized by Washington as part of the new departments of the executive branch	33
5068826702	Cabinet	Term for chiefs of departments appointed by Washington	34
5068826703	Henry Knox	Washington's Secretary of War	35
5068826704	Edmund Randolph	Washington's Attorney General	36
5068826705	Judiciary Act	Established a Supreme Court with one chief justice and five associate justices	37
5068826706	Federal courts	Courts created by the Judiciary Act	38
5068826707	Supreme Court	Ultimate court in the land	39
5068826708	National debt	Was very high at the revolution; Hamilton proposed paying it off at face value	40
5068826709	Whiskey Rebellion	First real test of the new government; put down when Washington called in forces	41
5068826710	Federalists Era	Period in early when Federalists dominated the government	42
5068826711	Democratic-Republican Party	Rival to Federalists; opposed strong central government; led by Jefferson	43
5068826712	political parties	Not anticipated by founders; Federalists and Democratic-Republicans	44
5068826713	Two-term Tradition	Set the precedent, until Franklin Delano Roosevelt, of Presidents only staying in office for two terms	45
5068826714	John Adams	In 1796 he was a Federalist who was elected as the second president. In 1800 he lost the presidential election to Thomas Jefferson, a Democratic-Republican. (p. 115, 117)	46
5068826715	Revolution of 1800	Election in which Democratic-Republicans peacefully took power from the Federalists.	47
5068826716	French Revolution	Democratic-Republican's felt we were obligated to support the French.	48
5068826717	Proclamation of Neutrality	In 1793 Washington announced us a neutral in the war between England and France	49
5068826718	"Citizen" Genet	Sought to gain American support for French; led to criticism of Washington in the US	50
5068826719	Jay Treaty	Treaty that embarrassed US because England did not respect us; US gained very few concession from England	51
5068826720	Pinckney Treaty	Better deal than Jay's Treaty; Spain agreed to open lower Mississippi River and New Orleans to US trade	52
5068826721	Right of deposit	US gained right to transfer cargoes in New Orleans without Spanish duties	53
5068826722	XYZ Affair	French demanded a bribe before we could speak with French leader; led many to call for war against England	54