US AP History Period 1 Flashcards

8447560712	How did early Americans reach North and South America?	They crossed a land bridge from Asia	0
8447560713	What were the Indians doing when they crossed the land bridge?	Following food or herds	1
8447560714	What did the cultivation of maize do?	Transform nomadic hunter-gather societies into settled farming communities	2
8447560715	What were the Spanish 3 motives for exploration?	1. God 2. Gold 3. Glory	3
8447560716	Where did Columbus land?	Hispainola	4
8447560717	Who came to the New World once it was discovered?	Spanish conquistadors	5
8447560718	What are the 2 things the Spanish give the Indians in exchange for their work (in the Encomienda System)	1. Provide food, shelter, and good treatment to the Indians 2. Convert them to Christians	6
8447560719	What was the Encomienda System basically?	Slavery	7
8447560720	Who worked for Indian's rights?	Bartolome de las Casas	8
8447560721	What happened when the Spanish ran out of Indians to do work?	They went and got Africans	9
8447560722	What is the Biological (Columbian) Exchange?	Exchange of plants, animals, and diseases between Old World and New World after the time of Columbus.	10
8447560723	What 3 crops from the Americas ended up being staple crops in Europe?	Corn, Beans and Squash	11
8447560724	What diseases were from the Old World and went to the New World?	Smallpox, malaria, yellow fever, influenza	12
8447560725	Columbian Exchange	An exchange of goods, ideas and skills from the Old World (Europe, Asia and Africa) to the New World (North and South America) and vice versa.	13
8447560726	Encomienda	A grant of land made by Spain to a settler in the Americas, including the right to use Native Americans as laborers on it	14
8447560727	Atlantic slave trade	Lasted from 16th century until the 19th century. Trade of African peoples from Western Africa to the Americas. 98% of Africans were sent to the Caribbean, South and Central America.	15
8447560728	Bartolome de las Casas	First bishop of Chiapas, in southern Mexico. He devoted most of his life to protecting Amerindian peoples from exploitation. His major achievement was the New Laws of 1542, which limited the ability of Spanish settlers to compel Amerindians to labor; however his suggestion to replace Natives with Africans was won he would regret.	16
8447560729	Maize	An early form of corn grown by Native Americans	17
8447560730	Anasazi	A Native American who lived in what is now southern Colorado and Utah and northern Arizona and New Mexico and who built cliff dwellings	18
8447560731	Iroquois	A later native group to the eastern woodlands. They blended agriculture and hunting living in common villages constructed from the trees and bark of the forests	19
8447560732	Cherokee	Are a Native American people historically settled in the Southeastern United States (principally Georgia, the Carolinas and Eastern Tennessee). Linguistically, they are part of the Iroquoian-language family. In the 19th century, historians and ethnographers recorded their oral tradition that told of the tribe having migrated south in ancient times from the Great Lakes region, where other Iroquoian-speaking peoples were located.	20
8447560733	Nomad	Early, simplistic man that migrated across the land bridge.	21
8447560734	Causes for European interest in exploration?	The Holy Crusades, Renaissance and The Protestant Reformation.	22