US History (Unit 1) Flashcards

8088618422	Mercantilism	An economic theory based on reducing a country's imports while expanding its exports in order to maximize wealth.	0
8088650837	Triangle Trade	Three-way pattern of trade that involved England, English colonies in America, and West Africa.	1
8088688132	Indentured Servants	Individuals who agreed to work without wages for a period of time in exchange for transportation to the colonies.	2
8088704256	Southern Colonies	Georgia, Virginia, Maryland, Carolina (North and South).	3
8088718641	Jamestown	The first permanent American colony, which was founded in 1607.	4
8088732901	Virginia Company	A joint-stock company, which raised capital for the expedition to America by selling shares of company stock to investors.	5
8088796867	Captain John Smith	This leader took control of Jamestown and helped turn it into a successful colony. His famous line was: "He that will not work, will not eat".	6
8088809903	John Rolfe	This colonist introduced tobacco to Jamestown, which saved the colony. He also married Pocahontas.	7
8088826541	Chief Powhatan	This guy was the principal leader of all the Powhatan tribes in the Chesapeake Bay region when the English settlers arrived in 1607.	8
8088915542	Mayflower Compact	Before disembarking the Mayflower, the Pilgrims created and signed this document. It was a pledge by the colonists to govern themselves through majority rule.	9
8088929855	John Winthrop	This guy was the founder of Massachusetts Bay and came up with the "city upon a hill" speech.	10
8255854254	Tobacco	This crop was introduced into Jamestown by John Rolfe. It financially saved the colony from ruin.	11
8255883428	Puritans	English Protestants who believed in strict religious-discipline, and settled in Mass. Bay Colony. They wanted to purify the Church of England.	12
8255901889	Pilgrims	English Puritans who sought religious freedom and settled in Plymouth Massachusetts. They were wanted to separate from the Church of England.	13
8255918853	House of Burgesses	This was the first representative body in America. It was formed in Virginia (Jamestown) in 1619.	14
8255944201	Middle Colonies	These colonies made up Pennsylvania, New York, Delaware, and New Jersey	15
8255950929	New England Colonies	These colonies made up Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island, Connecticut, & New Hampshire.	16
8255963949	Middle Passage	The forced transport of enslaved Africans from West Africa to the Americas.	17
8255999637	Bacon's Rebellion	This event was led by Nathaniel Bacon, in which colonists revolted against colonial leaders. The event led to slavery.	18
8256027687	Roger Williams	This guy was banished from Massachusetts Bay because of his beliefs. He founded the colony of Rhode Island.	19
8256039737	Anne Hutchinson	This woman was banished from Massachusetts Bay because she questioned the colony's religious leaders.	20
8256061157	William Penn	This guy founded the colony of Pennsylvania. He established good relations with Native Americans and was a Quaker.	21
8256078082	New Amsterdam	This colony was founded by the Dutch for trading purposes. This colony was renamed New York.	22
8256107682	King Phillip's War	Conflict between English colonists and Native Americans in New England. This was the end of Indian resistance to white settlement in the Northeast.	23
8256145141	Great Awakening	Religious movement in the English colonies during the 1730s and 1740s, which was heavily inspired by evangelical preachers.	24
8256168890	Benjamin Franklin	This guy symbolized the opportunities in colonial America. He went from poor to rich with hard work and dedication.	25
8256195950	Salutary Neglect	British policy in the early 1700s which allowed the colonies virtual self-rule as long as Great Britain was gaining economically.	26
8256217694	Salem Witch Trials	Period of hysteria in Massachusetts Bay where colonists accused each other of being witches. Nineteen of the accused where executed.	27
8256248646	Half-Way Covenant	Religious-political solution adopted by 17th-century Puritans, that allowed the children of baptized but unconverted church members to be baptized and thus become church members and have political rights.	28
8256351809	French and Indian War	War between the French and British over territory in North America. The British won the war, but it led to massive debt in England.	29
8256375524	Treaty of Paris	This treaty ended the French and Indian War. France lost all territory in North America.	30