Chapter 7 (AP World History) Flashcards

7766366687	Abbess	the head of a convent or monastery for women	0
7766379737	Abbot	the head of a monastery	1
7766385407	Arianism	a Christian heresy that taught that Jesus was inferior to God; though condemned by the Council of Nicaea in 325, it was adopted by many of the Germanic peoples who entered the Roman Empire over the next centuries	2
7766404398	Caliph	the secular leader of the Islamic community	3
7766409694	Celibacy	complete abstinence from sexual activity; many early Christians viewed this as the surest way to holiness	4
7766418151	Curiales	city councilors in Roman cities who played an important role in governing the vast Roman Empire	5
7766427128	Diocese	the area under the jurisdiction of a Christian bishop; based originally on Roman administrative districts	6
7766436648	Federates	German troops enlisted in groups to fight as allies for the Romans	7
7766448946	Iconoclast	a member of an eight-century Byzantine movement against the use of icons, which it condemned as idolatry	8
7766463021	Jihad	"striving in the way of the Lord;" in Islam, the attempt to achieve personal betterment, although it can also mean fair, defensive fighting to preserve one's life and one's faith	9
7766478434	Major Domus	the chief officer of the king's household in the Frankish kingdom	10
7766487753	Monasticism	a movement that began in early Christianity whose purpose was to create communities of men and women who practiced a communal life dedicated to God as a moral example to the world around them	11
7766505450	Petrine Supremacy	the doctrine that the bishop of Rome (the pope), as the successor of Saint Peter (traditionally considered the first bishop of Rome), should hold a preeminent position in the church	12
7766527923	Tetrarchy	rule by four; the system of government established by Diocletian (284-305) in which the Roman Empire was divided into two parts, each ruled by an "Augustus" assisted by a "Caesar"	13
7766549197	Theme	an administrative unit in the Byzantine Empire that combines civil and military responsibilities	14
7766561785	Wergeld	"money for a man;" in early Germanic law, a person's value in monetary terms, paid by a wrongdoer to the family of the person who had been injured or killed	15