AP World History: Chapter 18 Flashcards

8158642260	Chartered companies	Groups of private investors who paid an annual fee to france and england in exchange for a momopoly over trade to the west indies colonies	0
8158642261	Dutch west India company	Trading company chartered by the Dutch government to conduct it's merchants trade in the Americas and Africa	1
8158642262	Plantocracy	In the West Indian colonies, the rich men who owned most of the slaves and most of the land	2
8158642263	Driver	A privileged male slave whose job was to ensure that a slave gang did it's work on a plantation	3
8158642264	Seasoning	An often difficult period of adjustment to new climates, disease environments, and work routines, such as that experienced by slaves newly arrived in the Americas	4
8158642265	Manumission	A grant of legal freedom to an individual slave	5
8158642266	Maroon	A slave who ran away from his or her master. Often a member of a community of runaway slaves In the West Indies and South America	6
8158642267	Capitalism	The economic system of large financial institutions-banks, stock exchanges, investment companies-that first developed in early modern Europe. Commercial ___ that trading system of the early modern economy, is often distinguished from industrial ___ the system based on machine production	7
8158642268	Royal African company	A trading company chartered by the English government to conduct it's merchants trade on the Atlantic coast of Africa	8
8158642269	Mercantilism	European government policies designed to promote overseas trade between a country and it's colonies and accumulate precious metals by requiring colonies to trade only with their mother-land country. The British system was defined by the navigation acts, the French system by laws known as the Exclusif	9
8158642270	Atlantic circuit	The network of trade routes connecting Europe, Africa, and the Americas that underlay the Atlantic system	10
8158642271	Middle passage	The part of the Atlantic circuit involving the transportation of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic to the Americas	11
8158642272	Songhai	A people, language, kingdom, and empire in western Sudan in west Africa. At it's height, the Muslim ____ empire stretched from the Atlantic to the land of Hausa and was a major player in the trans-Saharan trade	12
8158642273	Hausa	An agricultural and trading people of central Sudan in west Africa. Aside from their brief incorporation into the Songhai empire, the ___ city-states remained autonomous until the sokoto caliphate conquered them	13
8158642274	Bornu (Or Kanem-Bornu)	A powerful west African kingdom at the southern edge of the Saharan in the central Sudan, which was important in trans-Saharan trade and in the spread of Islam.	14
8158642275	Atlantic system	The network of trading links that moved goods, wealth, people, and cultures around the Atlantic basin	15