AP World History Unit 1 Terms and People Flashcards

5691007852	Paleolithic Era	also known as the Old Stone Age	0
5691007853	Paleolithic Era	characterized by the use simple tools, the taming of fire, a more erect stature, the hunting and gathering lifestyle, and the beginning of homo sapiens sapiens	1
5691064262	homo sapiens sapiens	the humanoid species that was most successful during the Paleolithic Era; characterized by elaborate speech patterns; originated in Africa roughly 120,000 years ago	2
5691157177	Neolithic Age	also known as the New Stone Age	3
5691160927	Neolithic Age	characterized by the appearance of agriculture and civilization in world history	4
5691175192	Neolithic revolution	the succession of technological advancements and inventions that led to the development of agriculture	5
5691211849	Catal Huyuk	city in modern-day Turkey that was based on sedentary agriculture; symbolic of the Neolithic revolution	6
5691230269	Bronze Age	4000-1500 B.C.E.; the period of time where tools were made of bronze; before the iron age and after the stone age	7
5691254531	nomads	cattle- and sheep-herding societies found mostly before civilization; called barbarians by civilized societies	8
5691282813	civilization	characterized by four main features: economic surplus, governments with trade, writing, and urban areas as centers of population	9
5691299551	Mesopotamia	the land area in between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers; the place where civilization is first seen	10
5691310287	Sumer	the first civilization; located in Mesopotamia	11
5691321842	cuneiform	the first writing system in world history; created by Sumerians; wedge-shaped stylus and clay tables	12
5691343265	ziggurats	massive towers built for religious purposes in Mesopotamia	13
5691372238	city-state	a form of organization where a kingdom is divided into small regions each ruled by a king; first used by Sumerians	14
5691393933	Sargon	first known ruler in world history; leader of the Akkadians and conquerer of the Sumerians	15
5691403140	Babylonians	kingdom in Mesopotamia following the 200 year chaos period that followed the Akkadians; unified all of Mesopotamia	16
5691416067	Hammurabi	known for his codification of laws in the Babylonian empire	17
5691430720	pharaoh	the king in ancient Egypt	18
5691437184	pyramids	large buildings used in ancient Egyptian society as burial sites for pharaohs	19
5691456384	Kush	the African state originally located south of Egypt along the Nile River before conquering Egypt	20
5691475454	Indus River	river in northwest India that supported many ancient Indian civilizations	21
5691536775	Harappa	the city along the Indus River; characterized by a grid layout system, extensive trade, and urban facilities	22
5691560614	Aryans	nomadic pastorals who replaced Harappa in northwest India	23
5691574527	Vedas	Aryan hymns transmitted orally and recorded in sacred books	24
5691595069	Yellow River	the river in China where sedentary agriculture began (in China); also known as the Huanghe	25
5691619485	ideographs	pictograph characters grouped together; typical of Chinese writing	26
5691634369	Shang	the first dynasty in Chinese history; characterized by a strong military that fought from horseback or chariots	27
5691650349	Zhou	the dynasty in China following the Shang; somewhat of a feudal period; "mandate of heaven" concept first appears in China	28
5691664708	mandate of heaven	the concept that a ruler was willed by the gods to rule	29
5691674590	Olmecs	the first known civilization in the Americas; located along the coast of the Gulf of Mexico; known for their complex religion and advancements in writing, architecture, and astronomy (calendar)	30
5691706947	Chavin	civilization in the Andean region	31
5691743380	Chavin de Huantar	urban center in the Chavin civilization with large structures and artistic motifs	32
5691759960	Phoenicians	civilization along the Mediterranean that is known to have created a 22-letter alphabet	33
5691770831	monotheism	the worship or following of one god	34