AP World History: Chapter 3 Flashcards
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| 4867671693 | What was the first civilization that developed in south Asia and China? | Harappan civilization | 0 | |
| 4867671694 | Where did the Harappan civilization spread across? | The Indus valley, much of present day Pakistan, and a corner of NorthWest India. | 1 | |
| 4867712162 | What are the Himalayas? | The worlds largest mountain range. |  | 2 |
| 4867757518 | What river system did the Himalayas carve out? | The Indus River System |  | 3 |
| 4867820374 | What are monsoons? | Seasonal winds |  | 4 |
| 4867825800 | What did monsoons do? | They caused flooding and destruction, making people afraid of the Indus River. | 5 | |
| 4867836360 | What are the two great cities of the Indus Valley? | Harappa and Mohenjo Daro. | 6 | |
| 4867850025 | What were Harappan societies supported by (food)? | An advanced agricultural system based on the cultivation of wheat, rye, peas, and possible rice. | 7 | |
| 4867892927 | What did the cities of Harappa act as? | Major Trading Centers. (Jade from China and Jewels from Burma) | 8 | |
| 4867925743 | What class was Harappan Society dominated by? | The priestly class, they ruled from the citadel of each capital. | 9 | |
| 4867930217 | What is a citadel? | A dominating city | 10 | |
| 4867975544 | What craft did Harappan's excel at? | Crafting Jewelry | 11 | |
| 4867986339 | What factors led to Harappa's slow demise? | -Flooding at Mohenjo Daro -Short term natural disasters (Earthquakes) -Long-term climatic change -Desertification | 12 | |
| 4868013538 | Who were the Aryan's? | Pastoralist Nomads with great mobility and military prowess. | 13 | |
| 4868037033 | Where was Sanskrit derived? | North India from Indo-European invaders. | 14 | |
| 4868064573 | What did the Aryan's do in The Indus River Valley? | They moved in waves of small bands, either absorbing Harappan people and culture or driving them further South. | 15 | |
| 4868082637 | What were the Vedas? | Four hymns (Rig Veda, Sama Veda, Yajur Veda, and Atharva Veda.) containing philosophy, and guidance on ritual for the priests of Vedic religion. | 16 | |
| 4868098595 | What language were the Vedas in? | Sanskrit | 17 | |
| 4868113058 | Who was the Vedas created by? | The Aryan's | 18 | |
| 4868120758 | Who was the chief deity of the Aryans? | Indra, the God of battle and lightning. | 19 | |
| 4868137537 | What were the four main social groups in Aryan society? | Warriors, priests, commoners, and slaves/serfs. | 20 | |
| 4868148329 | What were the Aryan's names for indigenous people? | Dasas | 21 | |
| 4868152844 | What are Varnas? | Social Classes | 22 | |
| 4868161001 | What was the culture of Aryans based on? | Physical strength, martial skills, and heroic exploits. | 23 | |
| 4868171121 | What does Patrilineal mean? | Descendants are traced through the male line. | 24 | |
| 4868191160 | Was Aryan society Patrilineal or Matrilineal? | Patrilineal | 25 | |
| 4868198885 | Were Aryans Monotheistic or Polytheistic? | Polytheistic | 26 | |
| 4868212369 | As Harappa _________ Aryans ______________. | a) Fell b) Dominated | 27 | |
| 4868220401 | What was the Ordos Bulge? | An area in China that had conditions that were suitable for sedentary agriculture and human settlement. | 28 | |
| 4868234279 | Who was Yu? | The son of Kun, he devised an effective system of flood control and has been referred to as one of the great monarchs of China. (Dikes and Canals) | 29 | |
| 4868236385 | Who was Kun? | On of China's early semimythical leaders, he proved incapable of controlling great floods. | 30 | |
| 4868263060 | What was Xia? | One of China's first kingdoms, was founded by Yu. | 31 | |
| 4868283229 | Who were the Shang? | One of the many ruling war-like nomadic groups in the Ordos region. | 32 | |
| 4868298531 | How did the Shang fight? | They were brutal, they fought on horseback and from chariots with deadly bronze weapons. | 33 | |
| 4868311346 | What type of government did the Shang have? | A bureaucracy. | 34 | |
| 4868320562 | Where did Shang rulers, servants and family live? | Within walled towns that housed extended families. | 35 | |
| 4868329507 | Who were oracles? | Sacred people who could prophesy the future. | 36 | |
| 4868346725 | What were Shang rulers usually preoccupied with? | Rituals, oracles, and sacrifices. | 37 | |
| 4868353451 | What caused the rise of Chinese writing? | Cracks on items like bones were read by oracles and later came to form the basis of Chinese writing. | 38 | |
| 4868382566 | What are ideographs? | Picture or symbol that represents a whole word. | 39 | |
| 4868396648 | Who was Wu? | The military commander who had defeated the Shang. (Apart of Zhou) | 40 | |
| 4868411032 | What were the two Zhou capitals? | Xi'an and Luoyang. | 41 | |
| 4868424055 | How did the Zhou govern? | With feudalism and vassals (holder of land). They also collected tribute from each vassal. | 42 | |
| 4868447527 | What are Shi? | Men of service | 43 | |
| 4868477233 | What caused the extension of cultivation in China Southward along the coast? | New agricultural tools and techniques considering food production -> Population growth ->Extension of cultivation in new areas like the North China Plain. | 44 | |
| 4868508618 | What caused Zhou's demise? | -Decline in power -Control over Vassals diminished -Several of the vassals' domains had grown powerful enough to challenge leaders -Zhou ruler was killed in battle -Nomadic invaders -Less power but survived for 5 more centuries until it finally reached it's demise | 45 |