APES Flashcards

5037521091	Aerobic Respiration	cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy, CO2 and H2O (opposite of photosynthesis)	0
5037535098	Cellular Respiration	Cells unlock energy of chemical compounds	1
5037547012	Photosynthesis	producers use sun to make CO2 and H2O into O2	2
5037557051	Producer (autotroph)	uses energy from sun to make usable energy	3
5037567045	Biosphere	combination of all ecosystems on earth	4
5037580780	Consumer (heterotroph)	cannot do photosynthesis and gets nutrients from other organisms	5
5037591954	Herbivore (primary consumer)	consumer that eats producers	6
5037605289	Carnivore	consumer that eats other consumers	7
5037609076	Secondary Consumer	a carnivore that eats primary consumers	8
5037615311	Tertiary Consumer	a carnivore that eats secondary consumers	9
5037620693	Trophic Levels	successive levels of organisms consuming one another	10
5037627046	Food Chain	sequence of consumption from producers through tertiary consumers	11
5037635597	Food Web	model of how energy and matter move through trophic levels	12
5037643537	Scavenger	An organism that consumes dead animals	13
5037649921	Detritivore	organism that can break down dead tissues and waste products into smaller particles	14
5037657934	Decomposers	fungi and bacteria that convert organic matter into small elements and molecules that can be recycled back into the ecosystem	15
5037668941	Gross Primary Productivity (GPP)	total amount of sun energy grasped by producers via photosynthesis over a given amount of time	16
5037685549	Net Primary Productivity (NPP)	energy captured by producers in an ecosystem minus the energy producers respire	17
5037696041	Biomass	mass of all living matter in a specific area	18
5037698978	Standing Crop	amount of biomass in an ecosystem at a specific time	19
5037710565	Ecological Efficiency	proportion of consumed energy that can be passed from one trophic level to another	20
5037724956	Trophic Pyramid	representation of the distribution of biomass, numbers, or energy among trophic levels	21
5037736209	Biogeochemical Cycle	movements of matter within and between ecosystems	22
5037743968	Hydrologic Cycle	movement of water through the biosphere	23
5037750012	Transpiration	release of water from leaves during photosynthesis	24
5037759083	Evapotranspiration	combined amount of evaporation and transpiration	25
5037769965	Runoff	water that moves across the land surface and into streams and rivers	26
5037784113	Carbon Cycle	movement of carbon around the biosphere	27
5037793861	Macronutrient	one of the six key elements that organisms need in relatively large amounts; nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur	28
5037811311	Limiting Nutrient	nutrient required for growth but present in smaller quantities than others	29
5037824904	Nitrogen Cycle	movement of nitrogen around biosphere	30
5037830171	Nitrogen Fixation	some organisms can convert nitrogen gas into ammonia directly	31
5037840128	Nitrification	conversion of ammonia into nitrite into nitrate	32
5037850141	Assimilation	producers incorporate elements into their tissues	33
5037861021	Mineralization	decomposers breakdown organic matter from dead bodies and waste products and convert into inorganic compounds	34
5037873871	Ammonification	decomposers breakdown organic nitrogen in dead bodies and waste and convert into inorganic compounds	35
5037888653	Detrification	conversion of nitrate in a series of steps into gases nitrous oxide and eventually N2 which is emitted into atmosphere	36
5037900031	Leaching	transportation of dissolved molecules through the soil via groundwater	37
5037909357	Phosphorus Cycle	movement of phosphorus around biosphere	38
5037916338	Algal Bloom	rapid increase in algal population of a waterway	39
5037938478	Hypoxic	low in oxygen	40
5037947985	Sulfur Cycle	movement of sulfur around the biosphere	41
5037958320	Disturbance	an event resulting in the change population size or community composition	42
5037965044	Watershed	all land in a given landscape that drains into a particular stream, river, lake, or wetland	43
5037977061	Resistance	measure of how much a disturbance can affect flows of energy and matter in an ecosystem	44
5037986046	Resilience	rate at which an ecosystem returns to its original state after disturbance	45
5037994830	Restoration Ecology	study and implementation of restoring damaged ecosystems	46
5038003961	Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis	ecosystems experiencing intermediate levels of disterbance are more diverse than those with high or low disturbance levels	47