AP World History Stearns Chapter 18 Terms Flashcards

5846493410	Catherine The Great	Empress of Russia who greatly increased the territory of the empire (1729-1796)	0
5846493411	Copernicus	Nicolaus Copernicus was a Renaissance mathematician and astronomer who formulated a comprehensive heliocentric model which placed the Sun, rather than the Earth, at the center of the universe.	1
5846493412	Third Rome	Russian claim to be successor state to Roman and Byzantine empires; based in part on continuity of Orthodox church in Russia following fall of Constantinople in 1453.	2
5846493413	Partitions Of Poland	a series of three partitions which took place in the second half of the 18th century and ultimately ended the existence of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth	3
5846493414	Peter I (The Great)	Peter the Great, Peter I or Pyotr Alexeyevich Romanov ruled the Tsardom of Russia and later the Russian Empire from 7 May [O.S. 27 April] 1682 until his death, jointly ruling before 1696 with his half-brother.	4
5846493415	Pugachev Rebellion	the principal revolt in a series of popular rebellions that took place in Russia after Catherine II seized power in 1762.	5
5846493416	Time of Troubles	a period of Russian history comprising the years of interregnum between the death of the last Russian Tsar of the Rurik Dynasty, Feodor Ivanovich, in 1598, and the establishment of the Romanov Dynasty in 1613.	6
5846493417	Ivan IV (The Terrible)	Ivan IV Vasilyevich, known in English as Ivan the Terrible, was the Grand Prince of Moscow from 1533 to 1547 and Tsar of All the Russias from 1547 until his death.	7
5846493418	Alexis Romanov	The Tsar of Russia during some of the most eventful decades of the mid-17th century.	8
5846493419	Radishev	Alexander Nikolayevich Radishchev was a Russian author and social critic who was arrested and exiled under Catherine the Great.	9
5846493420	Serfdom	the status of peasants under feudalism, specifically relating to manorialism. It was a condition of bondage or modified slavery which developed primarily during the High Middle Ages in Europe and lasted in some countries until the mid-19th century.	10
5846493421	Rurik Dynasty	a dynasty founded by the Varangian[1] prince Rurik, who established himself in Novgorod around the year 862 AD.	11
5846493422	Obruk	an embankment dam on the Kızılırmak River in Çorum Province, Turkey. Constructed between 1996 and 2007, the development was backed by the Turkish State Hydraulic Works. The dam supports a 203 MW power station.	12
5846493423	St. Petersburg	a city and a federal subject (a federal city) of Russia located on the Neva River at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea	13
5846493424	Cossacks	a group of predominantly East Slavic people who originally were members of democratic, semi-military communities in Ukraine and Southern Russia.	14
5846493425	Old Believers	they separated after 1666 from the official Russian Orthodox Church as a protest against church reforms introduced by Patriarch Nikon between 1652-66.	15
5846493426	Boyars	a member of the highest rank of the feudal Bulgarian, Moscovian, Kievan Rus'ian, Wallachian, and Moldavian aristocracies, second only to the ruling princes (in Bulgaria, tsars), from the 10th century to the 17th century.	16
5846493427	Peter III	Peter III was Emperor of Russia for six months in 1762. He was very pro-Prussian, which made him an unpopular leader. He was likely assassinated as a result of a conspiracy led by his wife, who succeeded him to the throne as Catherine II.	17
5846493428	Ivan III	Ivan III Vasilyevich, also known as Ivan the Great, was a Grand Prince of Moscow and "Grand Prince of all Rus".	18
5846493429	Kremlin	The Moscow Kremlin, sometimes referred to as simply the Kremlin, is a historic fortified complex at the heart of Moscow, overlooking the Moskva River, Saint Basil's Cathedral and Red Square and the Alexander Garden.	19
5846493430	Instruction of 1767	the statement of legal principles authored by Catherine II of Russia, and permeated with the ideas of the French Enlightenment.	20
5846493431	Westernization	assimilation of Western culture	21
5846493432	Romanov Dynasty	dynasty that favored the nobles, reduced military obligations, expanded the Russian empire further east, and fought several unsuccessful wars, yet they lasted from 1613 to 1917.	22
5846493433	Alexis de Tocqueville	French political writer noted for his analysis of American institutions (1805-1859)	23
5846493434	Chancery of the Secret Police	A police force operating largely in secret and often using terror tactics to suppress dissent and political opposition, survived under different names from Peter the Great, 1690 to modern times, 1990s.	24