AP World History: Ch. 10 Flashcards

7738362112	Sui Dynasty	Reunified China after division into small principalities.	0
7738376874	Tang Dynasty	This dynasty came after the Sui Dynasty and was greatly influenced by the Sui Dynasty's governing ways. Continued to Confucius governing style.	1
7738394948	Li Shimin	His family took advantage of Sui disorder and created an empire of similar size, which came to be known as the Tang Dynasty.	2
7738449113	Central Asia, Arab Muslim army, the Battle of the Talas River	The Tang Dynasty was defeated in... by the ...during...	3
7738468157	Mahayana	"Great Vehicle," fostered faith in enlightened beings who postponed nirvana to help others achieve enlightenment.	4
7738488579	Bodhisattvas	Enlightened beings who postponed nirvana to help others achieve enlightenment.	5
7738512922	contacts with Central Asia and India and Buddhist influence increased	What increased as the Tang Empire expanded westward?	6
7738526587	Chang'an	Tang capital. Became the center of a continent-wide system of communication. Central Asians, Tibetans, Vietnamese, Japanese, and Koreans regularly visited here and took away with them the most recent ideas and styles.	7
7738565990	roads and water transport	What connected Chang'an to the coastal towns of south China, most importantly Canton?	8
7738577778	Grand Canal	Built by the Sui to like the Yellow River with the Yangzi. It did not reach Chang'an. It was a key component of this transportation network.	9
7738593039	Tributary system	Chang'an became the center of this. A type of political relationship dating from Han times by which independent countries acknowledged the Chinese emperor's supremacy.	10
7738628135	Plague of Justinian	What was brought from the sea route linking the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf with Canton?	11
7738640480	Bubonic plague	Early 600s from Canton and south China. Common in rodents in parts of southwestern China and lingered long after its disappearance in West Asia and Europe. This disease followed trade and embassy routes to Korea, Japan, and Tibet, where initial outbreaks followed the establishment of diplomatic ties in the seventh century.	12
7741868078	Li Bo	The most renowned Tang poet and one of the greatest ever to write in the Chinese language.	13
7741873380	Han, Turkic, Turkey	After the fall of the...empire, the... people began moving south and west, through Mongolia, then west to Central Asia, on the long migration that eventually brought them to where?	14
7741879583	Li Shimin, Tarim Basin, Uighurs	In the 7th century, the Tang Emperor... took advantage of Turkic disunity to establish control over the... Yet within a century, a new Turkic group... had taken much of Inner Asia.	15
7741887332	Uighurs, merchants, scripts, syllabic script, Sogdians, Turkic	Under this group, caravan cities like Kashgar and Khotan displayed a literate culture with strong ties to both the Islamic world and China. The group excelled as... and as... able to transact business in many languages. They adapted the... of the ... who lived in the west of them in Central Asia, to writing...	16
7741928793	Tibet	Rival to the Tang in Inner Asia. Experienced a variety of cultural influences. Derived their alphabet from India as well as a variety of artistic and architectural styles. Greatly influenced by both India and China.	17
7741935651	Wu Zhao (Empress Wu)	Stereotypical "evil" ruler. A woman who had married into the imperial family, seized control of the government in 690 and declared herself emperor. She based her legitimacy on claiming to be a bodhisattva. She favored Buddhists and Daoists over Confucianists in her court and government.	18
7741936610	Eunuchs	castrated palace servants	19
7741939008	Buddhism	Chinese gentry living in safe and prosperous localities began associating... with social ills. People who worried about "barbarians" ruining their society pointed to ... (same word) as evidence of the foreign evil, since it had such strong roots in Inner Asia and Tibet.	20
7741951677	Everlasting Remorse, Bo Zhuyi	In the poem... by..., the influence of women at the Tang court, which had caused "the hearts of fathers and mothers everywhere not to value the birth of boys, but the birth of girls" was lamented.	21
7741961497	Yang Guifei	concubine that was another example of powerful women	22
7741965953	political disintegration, cultural decay, unsettled	Despite continuing prosperity, ... and the elite's sense of ... created an... environment that encouraged aspiring dictators	23
7741972245	Guang Chao	led the most devastating uprising between 879 and 881. Despite ruthless and violent domination of the villages he controlled, his rebellion attracted hundreds of thousands of poor farmers and tenants who could not protect themselves fromdlocal bosses, or who sought escape from oppressive landlords or taxes, or who wimply did not know what else to do in the deepening chaos.	24
7741979564	Liao, Khitan	The ...Empire of the... people established their rule in the north. They centered their government on several cities, but the emperors preferred to spend their time in their nomad encampments.	25
7741984767	Khitan	pastoral nomads related to the Mongols living on the northeastern frontier	26
7741985924	Minyak, Tangguts	(closely related to the Tibetans) established a second successor state. Called themselves... to show their connection with their former empire	27
7741989351	Song Dynasty	Premodern state and society that came closest to initiating an industrial revolution.	28
7741995896	Su Song	engineer that constructed a gigantic mechanical celestial clock in Kaifeng	29
7741999033	Junk	China's main oceangoing ship	30
7742001961	gunpowder	The Song experimented with... which they initially used to propel clusters of flaming arrows.	31
7742004234	neo-Confucianism	New interpretations of Confucian teaching used for Song and later versions of Confucian thought	32
7742005952	Zhu Xi	the most important early neo-Confucian thinker, wrote in reaction to the many centuries during which Buddhism and Daoism had often overshadowed the precept of Confucius. Worked out a systematic approach to cosmology .	33
7742011550	Zen Buddhism	Asserted that mental discipline alone could win salvation. Meditation was its key practice.	34
7742013922	movable type	Way of printing which allowed cheaper printing of many kinds of informative books and of test materials.	35
7742020953	lowly, should	Confucian philosophy emphasized the lowly/highly role of women. Believed that women should/should not be educated.	36
7742022018	Koryo	... united the Korean peninsula after the fall of the Tang. The Kings supported Buddhism and made superb printed editions of Buddhist texts.	37
7742027701	woodblock printing	exemplifies the technological exchanges that Korea had with China.	38
7742029396	Silla	a kingdom in the southeast of the Korean peninsula	39
7742030442	bone ranks	inherited status	40
7742032670	Fujiwara	An ancient family of priests, bureaucrats, and warriors -- controlled power and protected the emperor. Their dominance led to the favor of men of Confucian learning over the generally illiterate warriors	41
7742037138	Kamakura shogunate	the first of three decentralized military governments, in eastern Honshu, far from the old religious and political center at Kyoto. Warfare between rival clans culminated this military government.	42
7742040612	Annam	What Chinese called early Vietnam	43
7742041308	Champa	located largely in southern Vietnam, rivaled the Dai Viet state.	44
7742042355	Champa rice	(originally from India) Among the tribute gifts brought to the Song court by Champa emissaries. Chinese farmers soon made use of this fast-maturing variety to improve their yields of the essential crop.	45
7742053568	flying money	During the Tang period. A credit system that was invented and used in the long-distance trade. Promised the buyer with money in return for the piece of paper they gave. This coinage system was usually handled by the family members. This system was very different from the Song's government issued paper money.	46
7772913667	celestial clock	This technology was constructed in China. contributed to the compass based on the moon and stars.	47