AP World History Chapter 16 Flashcards

3499306443	Cape of Good Hope	southern tip of Africa; first circumnavigated in 1488 by Portuguese	0
3499314385	Columbus, Christopher	Genoese captain in service of king and queen of Castile and Aragon; successfully sailed to New World and returned in 1492; initiated European discoveries in Americas	1
4008673862	Magellan, Ferdinand	(1480-1521) Spanish captain who in 1519 initiated first circumnavigation of the globe; died during the voyage; allowed Spain to claim Phillipines	2
4008694708	Dutch East India Company	Joint stock company that obtained government monopoly over trade in Asia; acted as virtually independent government in regions it claimed	3
4008703823	British East India Company	Joint stock company that obtained government monopoly over trade in India; acted as virtually independent government in regions it claimed	4
4008711128	Lepanto	Naval battle between the Spanish and the Ottoman Empire resulting in a Spanish victory in 1571	5
4008715703	core nations	Nations, usually Europeans, that enjoyed profit from world economy; controlled international banking and commercial services such as shipping; exported manufactured goods for raw materials	6
4008725027	mercantilism	Economic theory that stressed government's promotion of limitation of imports from other nations and internal economies in order to improve tax revenues; popular during 17th and 18th centuries in Europe	7
4008741736	Balboa, Vasco de	(c. 1475-1519) First Spanish captain to begin settlement on the mainland of Mesoamerica in 1509; initial settlement eventually led to conquest of Aztec and Inca empires of other captains	8
4008751334	Pizarro, Francisco	Led conquest of Inca Empire of Peru beginning in 1535; by 1540, most of Inca possessions fell to the Spanish	9
4008758892	Seven Years War	Fought both in continental Europe and also in overseas colonies between 1756 and 1763; resulted in Prussian seizures of land from Austria, English seizures of colonies in India and North America	10
4008765820	Treaty of Paris	Arranged in 1763 following Seven Years War; granted New France to England in exchange for return of French sugar island in Caribbean	11
4008776197	Cape Colony	Dutch colony established at Cape of Good Hope in 1652 initially to provide a coastal station for the Dutch seaborne empire; by 1770 settlements had expanded sufficiently to come into conflict with the Bantus	12
4008784946	Boers	Dutch settlers in Cape Colony, in southern Africa	13
4008789745	Calcutta	Headquarters of British East India Company in Bengal in Indian subcontinent; located in the Ganges; captured in 1756 during early part of Seven Years War; later became administrative center for all of Bengal	14