AP Unit 3 Review Flashcards

5640105350	natural born citizen	a person that is born in a country and does not require any special process to be a citizen	0
5640130415	nominee	a person selected to represent a political party in a general election	1
5640130416	primary	an election in which voters select a party nominee	2
5640130417	caucus	a meeting during which party members discuss and debate their choices for their party's nomination	3
5640132973	delegates	party members who are pledged to vote for a particular candidate based on the results of their home states' primary results	4
5640132974	superdelegates	Democratic officials who may cast a vote for any candidate at the convention	5
5640132975	national convention	party meeting during which candidates are nominated and platforms are ratified	6
5640132976	convention bump	an increase in poll averages following a national convention	7
5640135897	general election	an election in which voters select an officeholder	8
5640135898	12th Amendment	allows for the presidential and vice presidential candidates to run on a single ticket	9
5640138949	electoral college	system employed by the United States to formally elect the president	10
5640138950	elector	a person with the power to cast one of the 538 electoral votes for president	11
5640138951	popular vote	the number of citizens that cast a ballot for a candidate in an election	12
5640143758	safe state	states that reliably support one party in presidential elections	13
5640143759	swing state	states that do not reliably support one party in presidential elections	14
5640143760	political party	organization that sponsors candidates for office under its name.	15
5640143761	two-party system	political system in which two major political parties compete for control of the government	16
5640148787	third party	a group, aside from Democrats and Republicans, attempting to win elections	17
5640148788	single member districts	congressional districts represented by one person in the legislature	18
5640148789	party base	the core members of a political party	19
5640152012	pivoting to the general	highlighting more moderate parts of platforms to appeal to wider electorate	20
5640152013	framing opponents	Create cohesive narrative for electorate about other party's nominee	21
5640152014	critical election	an election that redefines the agendas of political parties and/or the alignment of voters within parties	22
5640152015	hard money	contributions directly to a candidate	23
5640154997	soft money	unregulated contributions to parties for "party building activities"	24
5640154998	political action committees	organizations established by businesses, unions, and interest groups to channel money into political campaigns	25
5640154999	Super PACs	a PAC whose primary purpose is to influence can take unlimited amounts of money, but cannot coordinate with candidate	26
5640157818	Buckley v. Valeo	SCOTUS case that first establishes that money = speech; says that candidates can spend unlimited amounts of personal funds on campaigns	27
5640157819	McCain-Feingold	prohibits spending of soft money too close to an election; includes the "stand by your ad" provision	28
5640157820	Citizens United v. FEC	SCOTUS case that lifted limits on groups' campaign expenditures; created Super PACS	29
5640161306	public interest group	a group that seeks to institute certain policies that benefit citizens	30
5640161307	labor union	organization of workers who share the same occupation	31
5640161308	trade association	interest group focused on a particular business or industry	32
5640161309	informing	presenting information to the public and elected officials about issues that matter to the group	33
5640161310	donating	giving money to political campaigns or PACs	34
5640163918	endorsement	supporting a candidate for office and suggesting that the group's members vote for him or her	35
5640163919	litigation	initiating legal action, most often civil	36
5640163920	mobilization	organizing a group of people to take collective action	37