AP Language & Composition Patterns of Development Flashcards

7521678179	Narration	Describes what, when, and where something happened; can be based on personal experience or on knowledge gained from reading or observation. Writers typically use narration as a way to enter into their topics, not merely to craft an appealing story, but one that supports your thesis.	0
7521678180	Description	Details what something looks like and its characteristics; emphasizes the senses by painting a picture of how something looks, sounds, smells, tastes, or feels. Often used to establish a mood or atmosphere, to build empathy with an audience for you, your subject, or your argument.	1
7521678181	Process Analysis	Explains how something happened, how it works or how it is made; clarity is key, as it's important to explain a subject clearly and logically, with transitions that mark the sequence of major steps, stages, or phrases of the process.	2
7521678182	Exemplification or Illustration	Provides typical cases or examples of something, transforming a general idea into a concrete one and making your argument clearer and more persuasive. Examples are a type of logical proof called induction: A series of specific examples leading to a general conclusion.	3
7521678183	Comparison / Contrast	Tells how something is like other things or how something is different from other things. Used to analyze information carefully, which often reveals insight into the nature of the information being analyzed.	4
7521678184	Classification and Division	Groups items into their parts or types; allows readers and writers to make connections between things that might otherwise seem unrelated. Writers should develop their own categories most of the time and find a distinctive way of breaking down a larger idea or concept into parts.	5
7521678185	Definition	Explains what something is in comparison to other members of its class, along with any limitations; clarifying the meaning of a term in order to lay the foundation to establish common ground or identify possible areas of conflict. Often the first step in debate / disagreement.	6
7521678186	Cause and Effect	Details why something happens, what causes it, what are the effects and how it is related to something else. Causal analysis requires crystal clear logic, so it's important to trace a careful chain of cause and effect and to recognize possible contributing causes. You don't want to jump to the conclusion that there is only one cause or one result, nor do you want to mistake an effect for an underlying cause.	7
7521678187	Persuasion	Describes an issue and your position or opinion on the subject in order to persuade an audience to adopt that point of view.	8