AP Language Rhetoric and Argument Flashcards

6759948106	slippery slope	A fallacy that assumes that taking a first step will lead to subsequent steps that cannot be prevented	0
6759948107	bandwagon	A fallacy which assumes that because something is popular, it is therefore good, correct, or desirable.	1
6759948108	post hoc	Arguments confuse chronology with causation: the belief that one event cannot occur after another without being caused by it.	2
6759948109	straw man	a logical fallacy that involves the creation of an easily refutable position; misrepresenting, then attacking an opponent's position	3
6759948110	ad hominem	An argument based on the failings of an adversary rather than on the merits of the case; a logical fallacy that involves a personal attack.	4
6759948111	inductive reasoning	A method of reasoning in which a number of specific facts or examples are used to make a generalization.	5
6759948112	deductive reasoning	A type of logic in which specific results are predicted from a general premise.	6
6759948113	backing	supports the warrant	7
6759948116	telegraphic sentences	shorter than 5 words	8
6759948124	compound sentence	contains two independent clauses joined by a coordinate conjunction (FANBOYS) or by a semicolon	9
6759948125	complex sentences	contains an independent clause and one or more subordinate (dependent) clauses	10
6759948126	loose sentence	A sentence that could end before the modifying phrases without losing its coherence 'We observe today not a victory of party but a celebration of freedom, symbolizing an end as well as a beginning, signifying renewal as well as change.'" - Kennedy	11
6759948127	periodic sentence	A complex sentence that only makes sense when the end of the sentence is reached ex. That morning, after a long flight, we reached Edmonton.	12
6759948132	appositives	set off by commas, adds information ex. My teacher, the lovely Mrs. Ayer, does not assign that much homework.	13
6759948140	apostrophe	a form of personification in which the absent, the dead, or abstract concepts are spoken to as if present	14
6759948149	jargon	consists of words and expressions characteristic of a particular trade, profession or pursuit	15
6759948154	connotation	the implications of words or phrases as well as its/their exact meaning	16
6759948155	denotation	the strict, literal, dictionary definition of the word devoid of emotion, attitude or color	17
6759948156	allegory	a prolonged metaphor, a narrative in which characters, objects, and events have underlaying political, religious, moral, or social meanings	18
6759948157	anachronism	assignment of something to a time when it was not in existence	19
6759948159	conceit	unusual and elaborate comparison between two very different things	20
6759948167	synecdoche	a part of something stands for the whole. Ex: all hands on deck	21
6759948171	In Medias Res	In the middle of things. it is the literary device of opening the story in the middle of the action. The narrative generally unfolds via flashback, as is logical	22
6759948197	syllogism	A form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion.	23
6759948213	non sequitur	an attempt to tie together unrelated ideas	24
6759948214	red herring	information that is related to the topic, but not germane to the argument	25
6759948215	faulty syllogism	attempts to get more out of the premise than is warranted	26
6759948216	false analogy	comparing two events or issues that do not have that much in common	27
6759948217	either/or; false dichotomy; black/white fallacy	limits a complex issue to just two options	28
6759948218	argument from ignorance; appeal to ignorance	the argument that, since it can't be proven untrue, it must be true	29
6759948219	false authority	when people offer themselves or unreliable/suspicious sources as authorities on the subject	30
6759948220	begging the question; circular reasoning	supporting the premise with the premise	31
6760253484	compound complex sentence	A sentence with multiple independent clauses and at least one dependent clause.	32
6760990650	cumulative sentence	a sentence in which the main independent clause is elaborated by the successive addition of modifying clauses or phrases begins with a main clause that is followed by phrases and/or clauses that modify the main clause. These phrases or clauses add information to the main or independent clause	33
6761042806	context	it refers to the situation--the time, place, or audience--in which a text is either written or read	34