AP English Language and Composition Flashcards

4914841247	Rhetoric	The study of effectiveness and persuasiveness of language	0
4914841248	Argument	Make an original and controversial claim, justify it, recognize the development of it as an ongoing process, and combining truth seeking persuasion in a final outcome of product like an essay or speech	1
4914841249	Dialect Thinking	The process of listening to and considering multiple perspectives (a natural and important part of making an argument)	2
4914841250	Five Canons of Rhetoric	Invention, Arrangement, Style, Memory, Delivery	3
4914841251	Invention	The process of coming up with ideas for making an argument	4
4914841252	Arrangement	The way in which a text is organized	5
4914841253	Style	Appropriate and effective use of language (inclusive of starred definitions below)	6
4914841254	Memory	Used by classical rhetoricians and speakers to create unique techniques to memorize their speeches	7
4914841255	Delivery	The act of delivering speeches orally before a live audience	8
4914841256	Two Main Types of Arguments	Non-Artistic, Artistic	9
4914841257	Non-Artistic	Arguments that do not require invention, such as laws, witnesses, contracts, or oaths	10
4914841258	Artistic	Arguments that the speaker must invent	11
4914841259	Three Types of Persuasive Appeals/Three Points on the Rhetorical Triangle	Logos, Ethos, Pathos	12
4914841260	Logos	Greek for "word"; Focuses attention on the quality of the message (RT: Logic - Message/Topic)	13
4914841261	Ethos	Greek for "Character"; Focuses attention on the author's character as it is projected in the message (RT: Credibility - Speaker/Writer)	14
4914841262	Pathos	Greek for "suffering" or "experience"; Focuses attention on the values and beliefs of the intended audience (RT: Emotions - Audience)	15
4914841263	Parts of Classical Structure	Exordium, Narratio, Proposito, Partitio, Confirmatio, Refutatio/Confutatio, Peroratio	16
4914841264	Exordium	An attention grabber that should capture the audiences attention and create exigence for the topic of the text's argument: Inquisitive, Paradoxical, Corrective, Preparatory, Narrative	17
4914841265	Narratio	An explanation of the issue and any needed background information	18
4914841266	Proposito	The thesis, claim, or argument	19
4914841267	Partitio	The outline statement that previews the structure of the major points	20
4914841268	Confirmatio	The main body of the text that presents and supports each reason to support the thesis, claim, or argument	21
4914841269	Refutatio/Confutatio	Summary and/or response to opposing views; Refutes or concedes to opposing views	22
4914841270	Peroratio	A conclusion that brings closure, sums up an argument and main points, and leaves a strong impression as a final appeal to the audience	23
4914841271	Inquisitive	"Does history repeat it self?"	24
4914841272	Paradoxical	"As I type this, highly civilized men are flying above, trying to kill me"	25
4914841273	Corrective	The peanut is in fact a fruit	26
4914841274	Preparatory	"Beginnings are apt to be shadowy, and so it is with the beginnings of that great mother of life, the sea"	27
4914841275	Narrative	An anecdote	28
4914841276	Parallelism*	Similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words	29
4914841277	Antithesis*	The juxtaposition of contrasting ideas often and parallel structure	30
4914841278	Alliteration*	The occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words EX. Please Paint Patrice Purple	31
4914841279	Assonance*	The repetition of a vowel sounds in non-rhyming words that are close together EX. Try to Light the Fire	32
4914841280	Anaphora*	A repetition of words at the beginning of successive clauses	33
4914841281	Metaphor and Extended Metaphor*	A figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable; Implied or hidden comparison between two things that are unrelated but share some common characteristics EX. The Curtain of Night	34
4914841282	Simile*	A figure of speech involving the comparison of one thing with another thing of a different kind, used to make a description more emphatic or vivid EX. Brave as a Lion	35
4914841283	Imagery*	Tactile - relating to the sense of touch Visual - relating to the sense of sight Gustatory - relating to the sense of taste Auditory - relating to the sense of hearing Olfactory - relating to the sense of smell	36
4914841284	Synecdoche*	A part stands for the whole. EX. "All hands on deck!"	37
4914841285	Personification*	Giving human attributes/characteristics to something that is not human EX. "My alarm clock is screaming!"	38
4914841286	Hyperbole*	Exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally EX."He is fifty feet tall!"	39
4914841287	Rhetorical Question*	Asking a question not for an answer but for the purpose of asserting or denying something indirectly EX. "What is the difference between a joke and a rhetorical question?"	40
4914841288	Hypophora*	Asking a question and answering it	41
4914841289	Irony*	Words that convey a meaning opposite to the literal meaning of the word	42
4914841290	Connotation*	An idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning	43
4914841291	Denotation*	The literal or primary meaning of a word, in contrast to the feelings or ideas that the word suggests	44
4914841292	Oxymoron*	Juxtaposing two ordinarily contradictory terms	45
4914841293	Repetition*	The action of repeating something that has already been said or written	46
4914841294	Syntax*	The arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language	47
4914841295	Diction*	The choice and use of words and phrases in speech or writing	48
4914841296	Rhetorical Situation	The environment or situation which gave birth to the text and formulated it in such a way that it is effective for a particular audience, fulfills its purpose, and communicates a relevant and convincing message	49
4914841297	Kairos	Greek word for "right time," "season," or "opportunity"; For an argument to be persuasive, its timing must be effectively chosen and its tone and structure in right proportion or measure (connected to RT)	50
4914841298	Genre	A reoccurring type or pattern of argument	51
4914841299	Cultural Context	The culture of the audience and the culture of the writer, speaker, or creator	52
4914841300	Text Types	Non-Fiction (Non-Literary), Fiction (Literary)	53