AP Language Vocab Study Guide Flashcards

8313846205	Annotation	Explanatory or critical notes added to a text.	0
8313846206	Antecedent	The noun to which a later pronoun refers.	1
8313846208	Antithesis	Parallel structure that juxtaposes contrasting ideas.	2
8313846212	Argument	A statement put forth and supported by evidence.	3
8313846214	Assertion	An emphatic statement; declaration. An assertion supported by evidence becomes an argument.	4
8313846215	Assumption	A belief or statement taken for granted without proof.	5
8313846219	Authority	A reliable, respected source—someone with knowledge.	6
8313846221	Cite	Identifying a part of a piece of writing as being derived from a source.	7
8313846222	Claim	An assertion, usually supported by evidence.	8
8313846223	Close Reading	A careful reading that is attentive to organization, figurative language, sentence structure, vocabulary, and other literary and structural elements of a text.	9
8313846234	Deduction	Reasoning from general to specific.	10
8313846237	Documentation	Bibliographic information about the sources used in a piece of writing.	11
8313846240	Ethos	A Greek term referring to the character of a person; one of Aristotle's three rhetorical appeals (see logos and pathos).	12
8313846246	Induction	Reasoning from specific to general.	13
8313846250	Logos	A Greek term that means "word"; an appeal to logic; one of Aristotle's three rhetorical appeals (see ethos and pathos) .	14
8313846258	Pathos	A Greek term that refers to suffering but has come to be associated with broader appeals to emotion; one of Aristotle's three rhetorical appeals	15
8313846263	Premise	major, minor two parts of a syllogism. The concluding sentence of a syllogism takes its predicate from the major premise and its subject from the minor premise. Major premise: All mammals are warm-blooded. Minor premise: All horses are mammals. Conclusion: All horses are warm-blooded	16
8313846266	Refute	To discredit an argument, particularly a counterargument.	17
8313846267	Rhetoric	The study of effective, persuasive language use; according to Aristotle, use of the "available means of persuasion."	18
8313846268	Rhetorical modes	Patterns of organization developed to achieve a specific purpose; modes include but are not limited to narration, description, comparison and contrast, cause and effect, definition, exemplification, classification and division, process analysis, and argumentation.	19
8313846269	Rhetorical question	A question asked more to produce an effect than to summon an answer.	20
8313846270	Rhetorical triangle	A diagram that represents a rhetorical situation as the relationship among the speaker, the subject, and the audience	21
8313846279	Straw man	A logical fallacy that involves the creation of an easily refutable position; misrepresenting, then attacking an opponent's position. Style: The distinctive quality of speech or writing created by the selection and arrangement of words and figures of speech. Subject: In rhetoric, the topic addressed in a piece of writing.	22
8313846280	Subordinate clause	Created by a subordinating conjunction, a clause that modifies an independent clause.	23
8313846281	Subordination	The dependence of one syntactical element on another in a sentence.	24
8313846283	Synthesize	Combining or bringing together two or more elements to produce something more complex.	25
8313846284	Thesis	The central idea in a work to which all parts of the work refer.	26
8313846285	Thesis statement	A statement of the central idea in a work, may be explicit or implicit.	27
8313846287	Topic sentence	A sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis.	28