AP Language and Composition Flashcards

7024693009	Appeals	persuasive pleas of shared values or credibility to reason or logic	0
7024693241	Argument	statement put forth and supported by evidence	1
7024693242	Assertion	emphatic statement; declaration. An assertion supported by evidence becomes an argument	2
7024693535	Assumption	belief or statement taken for granted without proof	3
7024693536	Diction	the word or choices made by a writer	4
7024694301	Figurative language	language employing one or more figures of speech	5
7024694703	Rhetoric	the are of presenting ideas in effective, and persuasive manner	6
7024696600	Rhetorical devices	literary techniques used to heighten the effectiveness of expression and persuasion	7
7024697276	Rhetorical modes	patterns of organization developed to achieve a specific purpose	8
7024697522	Rhetorical patterns	format or structure followed by a writer such as comparison/contrast or process analysis	9
7024697523	structure	the arrangement or framework of a sentence, paragraph, or work	10
7024697737	Style	choices a writer makes; combination of distinctive features of a literary work	11
7024697738	Syntax	the manner in which words are arranged into sentences	12
7024697944	Theme	central idea of a work, central message of a work	13
7024697945	Thesis	the primary position taken by a writer or speaker	14
7024698307	Balanced sentence	sentence in which words, phrases, or clauses are set off against each other to emphasize a contrast	15
7024698308	complex sentence	a sentence with one independent clause and at least one dependent clause	16
7024698689	compound sentence	a sentence with two or more coordinate independent clauses, often joined by one or more conjunctions	17
7024699604	compound complex sentence	a sentence with two or more principal clauses and one or more subordinate clauses	18
7024755103	Cumulative sentence	sentence which main independent clause is elaborated by successive addition of modifying clauses or phrases	19
7024699605	Declarative sentence	a sentence that makes a statement or declaration	20
7024700206	exclamatory sentence	a sentence expressing strong feeling, usually punctuated with an exclamation mark	21
7024700207	Imperative sentence	a sentence that gives a command	22
7024700581	Interrogative sentence	a sentence that asks a question	23
7024700929	Inverted syntax	the reversal of the normal or expected work order in a sentence	24
7024700930	Periodic sentence	sentence that is not grammatically complete until the final clause or phrase; sentence that does give the reader the main point	25
7024701410	simple sentence	a sentence consisting of one independent sentence clause and no dependent clause	26
7024701414	Absolute	a word/statement free from limitations or qualifications	27
7024702335	Allegory	a literary work in which characters, objects, or actions represent abstractions	28
7024702336	Alliteration	the repetition of the same sound or letter at the beginning of consecutive words or syllables	29
7024702585	Allusion	an indirect reference, often to another text or and historic event	30
7024702586	Analogy	a comparison of two different things that are similar in some way	31
7024702993	Anecdote	a brief narrative that focuses on a particular incident or event	32
7024702994	Antecedent	the noun to which a later pronoun refers	33
7024703558	Antithesis	a statement in which two opposing ideas are balanced	34
7024703559	Aphorism	a concise, statement that expresses succinctly a general truth or idea, often using rhyme or balance	35
7024703865	Appositive	word or phrase that renames a nearby noun or pronoun	36
7024703866	Audience	one's listener or readership; those to whom a speech or piece of writing is addressed	37
7024704075	Authority	a reliable, a respected source- someone with knowledge	38
7024704076	Bias	prejudice or predisposition toward one side of a subject or issue	39
7024704077	Cite	identifying a part of piece of writing as being derived from a source	40
7024704393	Claim	and assertion, usually supported by evidence	41
7024704394	Close reading	a careful reading that is attentive to organization, figurative language, sentence structure, vocabulary, and other literary and structural elements of a text	42
7024705217	Colloquialism	informal words or expressions not usually acceptable in formal writing	43
7024705218	Concession	a reluctant acknowledgment or yielding	44
7024705490	Concrete details	details that relate to or describe actual, specific things or events	45
7024728570	Connotation	that which is implied by a word, as opposed to the word's literal meaning. The feeling of a word	46
7024761303	Counterargument	a challenge to a position; an opposing argument	47
7024761901	Deduction	reasoning from general to specific	48
7024764260	Denotation	the literal meaning of a word; dictionary definition	49
7024764979	Didactive	having the primary purpose of teaching or instruction	50
7024768113	Dissonance	harsh,inharmonious, or discordant sounds	51
7024769253	Double entendre	figure of speech in which a word or phrase can be understood in two ways	52
7024770152	Ernstitious	characterized by a deep fanatical love for reading, writing, and 49ers football	53
7024771561	Epigraph	a saying or statement on the title page of a work, or used as a heading of a chapter or other section of a work	54
7216600389	facts	supports or obscures truth	55
7216602087	Figurative language	figures of speech going beyond literal meaning	56
7216603310	figure of speech	expression that strives for literary effect rather than conveying a literal meaning	57
7216604876	foreshadowing	advance sign or warning of what is to come in the future	58
7216606475	hyperbole	exaggeration for the purpose of emphasis	59
7216607792	imagery	vivid use of language that evokes a reader's senses	60
7216609337	idiom	expression that can not be understood from literal meaning of the words in the expression	61
7216611136	implication	a suggestion an author or speaker makes without stating it directly	62
7216612728	induction	reasoning from specific to general	63
7216613503	invective	an intensely vehement, highly emotional verbal attack	64
7216615197	irony	contradiction between what is said and what is meant	65
7216616580	Jargon	specialized language or vocabulary of a particular group or confession	66
7216617820	johnsonian	marked by extreme levels of genius, visionary, and original thought, creativity, power, elegance, and aesthetic perfection	67
7216625142	juxtaposition	placement of two things side by side for emphasis	68
7216625966	maxim	a concise statement, often offering advice; an adage	69
7216628393	metaphor	figure of speech making an implicit comparison	70
7216630511	motif	standard theme, element, or dramatic situation that recurs in various works	71
7216631792	oxymoron	figure of speech that combines two contradictory terms	72
7216632966	paradox	an apparently contradictory statement that actually combines some truth	73
7216635203	parallelism	use of corresponding grammatical or syntacial forms	74
7216636115	parody	humorous imitation	75
7216637742	parenthetical comment	a comment that interrupts the immediate subject, often to quality or explain	76
7216639458	pedantic	used to describe a writing style characterized by excessive display of learning or scholarship	77
7216641628	persona	speaker, voice, or character assumed by the author of piece of writing	78
7216643511	personification	assigning lifelike characteristics to inanimate objects	79
7216644633	propaganda	negative term for writing designed to sway opinion rather than present info	80
7216646198	purpose	oneś intentions	81
7216646712	refute	to discredit an argument , particularly a counterargument	82
7216648307	rhetorical question	question asked merely for rhetorical effect and not requiring an answer	83
7216650527	satire	use of humor to emphasize human weaknesses or imperfections in social institutions	84
7216651913	source	a book, cite article person etc	85
7216652828	stream of consciousness	technique characterized by the continuous unedited flow of conscious experience through mind recorded on paper	86
7216655202	subtext	content of a work which is not announced explicitly by the characters	87
7216657570	synthesize	combining or bringing together two or more elements to produce something more complex	88
7216658871	truth	subject of much debate	89
7216659916	understatement	the deliberate representation of something as lesser in magnitude than it	90
7216663943	vernacular	everyday speech of a particular country or region, often involving nonstandard usage	91
7216665537	voice	in grammar, term for the relationship between a verb and a noun	92
7216666982	c.	¨circa¨ from a specified time	93
7216667399	e.g.	¨and elsewhere¨ use when giving an example	94
7216670345	et al.	¨and others¨ use when suggesting that there are other pertinent data	95
7216672409	ibid.	¨in the same place¨ use when citing a preceding reference	96
7216673562	i.e.	¨that is¨ use when restating something	97
7216674262	sic	intentionally so written- used after a printed word or passage to indicate that is intended exactly as printed to indicate that it exactly reproduces an original	98