AP Statistics (Chapter 6) Flashcards
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| 9391548156 | Random | Individual outcomes are uncertain, however there is a regular distribution of outcomes after a large # of repetitions (not haphazard) | 0 | |
| 9391548157 | Independent | The outcome of one trial does not influence/effect the outcome of any other trial | 1 | |
| 9391548158 | Sample Space | The set of all possible outcomes. Can be presented as a list of ordered pairs or a tree diagram | 2 | |
| 9391548159 | With replacement the denominator is... | Constant | 3 | |
| 9391548160 | Without replacement the denominator will... | Change | 4 | |
| 9391548161 | Multiplication Principle | If you can do one task in "n" ways and a second task in "m" ways, both tasks can be done in "n•m" ways | 5 | |
| 9391548162 | Or | Addition | 6 | |
| 9391548163 | Add (not in a marginal distribution) | Multiply | 7 | |
| 9391548164 | Add (in a marginal distribution) | Find the intersection of a row and a column | 8 | |
| 9391548165 | Event | An outcome or set of outcomes of a random phenomenon. It is a subset of the sample space. | 9 | |
| 9391548166 | Probability Rules | 1) 0| 10 | | |
| 9391548167 | 0 | Impossible case | 11 | |
| 9391548168 | 1 | Certain case | 12 | |
| 9391548169 | Complement Rule | P(A'), P(Ā), P(Ac) all equal 1-P(A) | 13 | |
| 9391548170 | Addition Rule for Disjoint Events | P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) | 14 | |
| 9391548171 | Disjoint | No outcomes in common | 15 | |
| 9391548172 | Multiplication Rule | If A and B are independent events then the P(A and B) = P(A) • P(B) | 16 | |
| 9391548173 | Essential Part to Answering A Probability Question | Probability notation (ex: P( ) | 17 | |
| 9391548174 | Universe | Box around the Venn Diagram, represents all possible events | 18 | |
| 9391548175 | Overlap | Middle part of Venn Diagram, events in both circles, enter this part first | 19 | |
| 9391548176 | Remaining Events | The number in the bottom corner, the probability that none of the lisited events happen | 20 | |
| 9391548177 | Joint Events | Simultaneous occurrence of 2 events | 21 | |
| 9391548178 | Joint Probability | The likelihood of a joint event | 22 | |
| 9391548179 | U | Or | 23 | |
| 9391548180 | ∩ | And | 24 | |
| 9391548181 | Conditional Probability | The probability of one event under the condition that another event is known. When P(A)>0, the conditional probability of event B given A is P(B|A)=P(A and B)/P(A) | 25 | |
| 9391548182 | P(B and A) = | P(B|A) • P(A) | 26 | |
| 9391548183 | If there is no condition in a marginal distribution... | The denominator is the TT | 27 | |
| 9391548184 | TT | Table total, must be labeled | 28 | |
| 9391548185 | | | Given that | 29 | |
| 9391548186 | Disjoint Events | 1) Have no outcomes in common 2) Cannot be independent 3) Cannot occur at the same time 4) Have an intersection that is the "empty set" | 30 | |
| 9391548187 | If events A and B are disjoint, then P(A|B) = | 0 (because if one is has occurred, the other isn't happening) | 31 | |
| 9391548188 | Independent Events | 1) Cannot be disjoint 2) Means that the outcome of one event does not influence the outcome of any other event | 32 | |
| 9391548189 | If events A and B are independent, then P(A|B)= | P(A) | 33 | |
| 9391548190 | P(A u B) | P(A) + P(B) - P(A ∩ B) | 34 | |
| 9391548191 | P(A|B) | P(A and B) P(B) | 35 | |
| 9391548192 | In a marginal distribution, "and" means... | Look for the intersection of a row and column | 36 | |
| 9391548193 | P of the sample space is... | 1 | 37 | |
| 9391548194 | All P must be | 0| 38 | | |
| 9391548195 | The joint probability must be smaller than... | The individual probabilities | 39 | |
| 9391548196 | 2 way tables are always used for... | Dependent events | 40 |