Ap Biology Chapter 6 Flashcards

4821649522	Golgi apparatus	Accepts vesicles from er and further modifies the protein	0
4821649523	Lysosomes	A single membrane sac that contains hydrolytic enzymes	1
4821649524	Tay-Sachs disease	Brain cells get clogged with very large lipids due to lysosomes malfunctioning	2
4821649525	Phagocytosis	Cells ingesting other cells	3
4821649526	Vacoules	Storage, food, water, and waste	4
4821649527	Food vacuoles	Formed by phagocytosis	5
4821649528	Contractile vacuole	Found in freshwater Protists, pump excess water	6
4821649529	Central vacuole	In many mature plant cells, holds organic compounds and water	7
4821649530	Mitochondria	Sites of respiration, a metabolic process that forms ATP	8
4821649531	Chloroplasts	Uses solar energy-photosynthesis	9
4821649532	Peroxisomes	Special metabolic compartments-Oxidative organelles- oxygen breaks down different types of molecules	10
4821649533	Endosymbiont theory	Both chloroplasts and mitochondria were bacteria	11
4821649534	Mitochondria	In almost all eukaryotic cells- has an intermembrane system	12
4821649535	Cristae	Smooth outer membrane and an inner membrane folded	13
4821649536	Mitochondrial matrix	DNA and ribosomes in here	14
4821649537	Chloroplasts	Plastids for storage	15
4821649538	Thylakoids	Membranous sacs, stacked to form a granum	16
4821649539	Stroma	The internal fluid of chloroplasts	17
4821649540	Cytoskeleton	Network of fibers	18
4821649541	Motor proteins	Produce mobility	19
4821649542	Microtubules	Organelle movement, cell motility, maintenance of cell shape, and chromosome movement in cell division-made of proteins	20
4821649543	Microfilaments	Maintains cell shape, changes in cell shape muscle contraction, cytoplasmic streaming, cell motility, and cell division-made of proteins	21
4821649544	Intermediate filaments	Maintenance of cell shape, anchorage of the nucleus and certain other organelles, formation of nuclear lamina-made of protein	22
4821649545	Centrosomes	Makes Microtubules	23
4821649546	Centrioles	In Centrosomes each with 9 triplets of microtubules in a ring	24
4821649547	Cilia	Movement in oar motion	25
4821649548	Flagella	Movement in a whip shape	26
4821649549	Basal body	Anchors the cilium or flagellum	27
4821649550	Dynein	Motor protein, bending/moving of cilium or flagellum 9+2	28
4821649551	Actin	The building blocks of microfilm meets creating a twisted double chain 7nm	29
4821649552	Cortex	A 3-D network, inside the plasma membrane to support shape	30
4821649553	Myosin	The protein that is in microfilaments in the cytoskeleton	31
4821649554	Amoeboid movemnet	Driven by myosin and actin	32
4821649555	Pseudopodia	Extend and contract through the reversible assembly	33
4821649556	Cytoplasmic streaming	A circular flow of cytoplasm within cells driven by actin/myosin interactions and solgel transformations	34
4821649557	Cell cleavage	Formed by microfilaments in cell division	35
4821649558	Extracellular components	Cells create materials and ship them out to communicate	36
4821649559	Cell wall	Plants, fungi, prokaryotes, and protists	37
4821649560	Plasmodesmata	Channels between plant cells that let them share nutrients, water, and chemical messages	38
4821649561	Extracellular matrix	Animal cell walls- made from collagen proteoglycans, and fibronectin	39
4821649562	Integrins	The binding site of ECM and a receptor protein	40
4821649563	Intercellular junction	Plasmodesmata, tight junctions, desmosomes, and gap junctions	41
4821649564	Tight junctions	Hold 2 neighboring cells tightly to prevent leakage	42
4821649565	Desmosomes	Fasten cells in strong sheets- muscles	43
4821649566	Gap junctions	Cytoplasmic channels (plasmo of animals)	44