AP Physics:voc test Flashcards

5492176133	Current	flow of positive charge per second. units are amperes (coulombs per second)	0
5492176134	Resistance	how difficult it is for charge to flow through a circuit element. measured in ohms	1
5492176135	Resistivity	implies what resistance would be of a particular amount of a particular material	2
5492176136	Voltage	electrical potential energy per unit charge	3
5492176137	series	connected in a single path	4
5492176138	parallel	path divides then comes immediately back together	5
5492176139	Coulomb's law	F = k[q1q2]/(d^2)	6
5492176140	current flows...	out of battery at positive side and into battery at negative side	7
5492176141	resistance of wire	R = (pl)/A	8
5492176142	series resistors	current: same for all of them, equal to total current through series combination voltage: different for each but adds to the total voltage across series combination	9
5492176143	parallel resistors	voltage: same for each, equal to total voltage across parallel combination current: different for each, add to total current across parallel combination	10
5492176144	Ohm's Law	V = IR	11
5492176145	Kirchoff's junction rule	current entering a wire junction equals current leaving the wire junction (conservation of charge)	12
5492176146	Kirchoff's loop rule	sum of voltage changes around a circuit loop is zero (conservation of energy)	13
5492176147	power dissipated by a resistor	P = IV = (I^2)R= (V^2)/R	14
5492176148	bulb brightness depends on...	only power dissipated by bulb	15
5492176149	voltmeter	measures voltage aka potential difference in order to measure voltage across a resistor, you must put the voltmeter in parallel with the resistor	16
5492176150	ammeter	measures current in order to measure current through a resistor, connect ammeter in series with that resistor	17
5492176151	Work	transfer of energy that is only done on an object when a force is applied that causes the object to be displaced	18
5492176152	Positive work	work speeds up an object	19
5492176153	Negative work	work slows down an object	20
5492176154	Energy	The capacity to do work	21
5492176155	Kinetic Energy	the energy associated with an object in motion	22
5492176156	Work Kinetic energy theorem	relates the kinetic energy of an object to the work that that can be done as the object changes speed	23
5492176157	Potential energy	stored energy	24
5492176158	Gravitational Potential Energy	the energy stored in an object due to its position relative to a source of gravity	25
5492176159	Elastic Potential Energy	the energy stored in a spring that has been stretched or compressed	26
5492176160	K	force constant that measures a spring's strength	27
5492176161	X	distance a spring has been stretched or compressed	28
5492176162	Conserved	the amount remains constant though the form may change	29
5492176163	Mechanical Energy	all forms of energy that contribute to the motion of an object	30
5492176164	Power	the rate at which work is done or the rate of energy transfer via any method	31
5492176165	law of electrostatics states	objects that are similarly charged repel each other; objects that are oppositely charged attract each other.	32
5492176166	negatively charged object	a net excess of electrons .	33
5492176167	positively charged object	has a net deficit of electrons	34
5492176168	static charge	The imbalance of electric charge on an object (excess positive or negative)	35
5492176169	conduction	occurs when a charged object comes into contact with a neutral object and electrons are transferred to give the neutral object the same charge	36
5492176170	conductor	material whose electrons are held loosely (copper in a wire)	37
5492176171	insulator	A material in which electrons are not able to move easily (rubber and glass)	38
5492176172	electric field	the space around a charged object where electric force acts	39
5492176173	electroscope	An instrument used to detect electric charge	40
5492176174	static discharge	loss of static charge	41
5492176175	grounding	connecting a charged object to a much larger conducting material	42
5492176176	induction	occurs when a charged object comes near a neutral object and electrons are relocated within the neutral object to give the neutral object the opposite charge which accomplishes polarization.	43
5492176177	+ and +, or - and -	like charges repel	44
5492176178	- and +	unlike charges attract	45
5492176179	electroscope		46
5492176180	Charging By Friction Example	Clothes rubbing together in a dryer, feet rubbing on a carpet.	47
5492176181	Charging by Conduction Example	Foot becomes charged by friction, rest of body becomes charged because it has contact with foot.	48
5492176182	Charging by Induction Example	Electrons on fingertips cause electrons on doorknob to move away, leaving doorknob with a positive charge	49
5492176183	Coulomb's law states that	any two charges exert a force on each other. The force is inversely related to the distance between the two charges.	50
5492176184	illustration of charges		51