AP Gov Vocab Final Flashcards

6699425760	Articles of Confederation	1st governing document in the US that gave power to the states	0
6699432280	Bill of Rights	The 1st 10 amendments to the Constitution	1
6699436672	Virginia Plan	Proposal that created a Congress based on states population	2
6699439252	Ex Post Facto	To make something illegal after its done	3
6699441645	Federalists	Favored ratification of the Constitution	4
6699444632	Enumerated Powers	Powers specifically listed in the US Constitution	5
6699448279	Bill of Attainder	Declaration of guilt by a legislative body	6
6699466389	Great Compromise	Combined features of the Virigina & New Jersey Plans	7
6699468328	Reserved Powers	Powers of the state governments	8
6699473202	Privileges & Immunities	Concept that citizens are entitled to the same rights among the states	9
6699519504	Habeas Corpus	"Bring the body" before a judge	10
6699525583	Anti-Federalists	Did NOT favor ratification of the US Constitution without the Bill of Rights	11
6699530126	Concurrent	Powers of state and federal governments	12
6699536630	Separation of Powers	Concept that power is divided among the 3 branches of government	13
6699542441	Dissenting Opinion	Supreme Court disagrees with a case	14
6699544797	Judicial Review	Supreme Courts power to determine the constitutionality of laws	15
6699547322	Amicus Curaie	Friend of the court brief	16
6699549804	Concurring Opinion	Supreme Court justice disagrees with the majority but for a different reason	17
6699553727	Rule of 4	Standard used by the Supreme Court when accepting a case for consideration	18
6699559816	Writ of Cert	An order from a higher court to a lower court to send up a case for review	19
6699566966	Class Action	When a group of people file a lawsuit for the same reason	20
6699574403	Checks & Balances	Power of each branch is monitored by the others	21
6699583669	Judicial Restraint	Power of the Supreme Court should be used sparingly	22
6699589429	Stare Decisis	Means let the decision stand	23
6699591378	Litmus Test	An examination of the political ideology of a nominated judge	24
6699594916	Devolution	The transfer of authority/responsibility from federal government to states	25
6699602501	Mandate	Terms set by the federal government that states must meet whether or not they receive federal money	26
6699620334	Dual/Layer Cake Federalism	Type of Federalism stating federal and state governments are separate and remain supreme in their own spheres	27
6699631396	Project	Most common categorical grant that is awarded based on competitive applications	28
6699652458	Federalism	Division of power between state and federal governments	29
6699660025	Cooperative/Marble Cake	Type of federalism where federal government and states have mingled, or shared, responsibilities	30
6699675159	Formula	Type of categorical grant developed from factors such as population and income	31
6699687619	Grants-In-Aid	Federal funds (taxes) appropriated by Congress that aids and influences the states	32
6699700954	Necessary & Proper Clause	Also known as the Elastic Clause, allows Congress to carry out expressed powers	33
6699713122	Categorical	Main source of federal aid, there are 2 types: Project and Formula	34
6699721628	Competetive Federalism	Also known as New Federalism I, reverses the marble cake nature by giving the state more responsibility	35
6699727149	Block	Grant that states can spend with broad guidelines	36
6699731895	14th Amendment	Outlines Citizenship, Privilieges & Immunities, Due Process and Equal Protection Clause	37
6699736006	(No) Prior Restraint	Government will not stop publication beforehand but will punish after	38
6699743385	Clear & Present Danger	Test states words can be actionable if they are likely to produce an unlawful action	39
6699753982	Free Exercise Clause	Part of the 1st amendment that prohibits US government from interfering with the practice of religion	40
6699759311	Selective Incorporation	Process by which the Supreme Court decides on a case-by-case basis which parts of the Bill of Rights apply to the states	41
6699781552	DeFacto	Segregation that occurs naturally	42
6699789832	Establishment Clause	Part of the 1st amendment that prohibits the government from passing laws that establish a national religion	43
6699795807	Civil Rights Act of 1964	Outlawed discrimination in public places and made it difficult to use literacy tests	44
6699801744	Civil Rights Act of 1965	Attempts to remove some voting barriers, such ase suspends the literacy test	45
6699803916	DeJure	Segregation mandated by law	46
6699807135	Federal Voting Rights Act of 1965	Did the most to provide voting rights to individuals	47
6699810567	Exclusionary Rule	Evidence obtained in violation of the Constitution is barred from trial	48
6699814587	Filibuster	Attempt to defeat a bill in the Senate by talking it to death	49
6699817942	Continuous Body	Concept that 1/3 of Senators are elected every 2 years	50
6699820941	Gerrymander	Drawing district lines to the advantage of the political party in power	51
6699828179	Log Rolling	Exchange of support or favors among legislators by voting for each others bills	52
6699837171	Incumbent	Current officeholder seeking re-election	53
6699838667	Constitutents	People and interests an elected official represents	54
6699844766	Reapportion	Process of distributing seats in the House after every census	55
6699846610	Census	Total count of the US population every 10 years	56
6699850508	bicameral	2 house law-making body	57
6699855272	Cloture	Rule in the Senate that ends a filibuster	58
6699860401	Pork Barreling	Legislation that gives tangible benefits to constituents in hopes of winning votes in return	59
6699868395	War Powers Resolution	President must report to Congress within 48 hours of deploying troops and must bring them home in 60 days	60
6699872547	Cabinet	15 members who are the heads of Executive Departments	61
6699877062	Office of Management & Budget	Helps the President propose a budget Congress will approve	62
6699883269	Impeach	Accuse, and possibly convict, a civil officer of crime	63
6699887828	Bureaucracy	Large, complex organization of the federal government composed of federal workers and appointed officials	64
6699898284	Commander-in-Chief	President is head of the military	65
6699902558	Divided Government	One party controls Congress and another controls the White House	66
6699905170	Bully Pulpit	Presidents use of his prestige and visibility to guide and influence the American public	67
6699914041	Pocket Veto	When a bill fails to become law because the President did not sign it within 10 days before Congress adjourns	68
6699926430	Political Action Committee (PAC)	Political wing of an interest group	69
6699930876	Democrat/Liberal	Typically supports federal government, social welfare and gun control	70
6699933126	Soft Money	Money that is given to a political party	71
6699938964	Linkage Institution	A way people connect with the government	72
6699942213	Efficacy	Belief that your vote matters	73
6699947089	Political Party	Group seeking to control government by winning elections and passing public policy	74
6699952557	Republicans/Conservatives	Supports smaller gov, strong national defense and is against abortion	75
6699952558	Hard Money	Money that is given directly to a candidate	76
6699954982	Electorate	Total voting population	77
6699973860	Motor Voter Act	Legislation that requires states to allow people to register to voet when applying for a drivers license	78
6699981928	Partisan	To identify with a political party	79