Ch. 3 AP Biology Flashcards
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| 5131356016 | organic | A compound consisting mainly of carbon and hydrogen atoms | 0 | |
| 5131358380 | Condensation | Reaction in which an enzyme builds a large molecule from smaller subunits. | 1 | |
| 5131359903 | Functional group | an atom or a small molecular group bonded to a carbon of an organic compound; imparts a chemical property | 2 | |
| 5131362748 | hydrolysis | water-requiring chemical reaction in which an enzyme breaks a molecule into smaller subunits | 3 | |
| 5131364549 | metabolism | all of the enzyme-mediated chemical reactions by which cells build and break down materials. | 4 | |
| 5131366405 | monomers | molecules that are subunits of polymers | 5 | |
| 5131367421 | polymer | Molecule that contains many monomers | 6 | |
| 5131369046 | carbohydrate | Molecule that consists primarily of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in a 1:2:1 ratio. | 7 | |
| 5131371671 | cellulose | tough, insoluble polysaccharide that is the major structural material in plants. | 8 | |
| 5131375502 | disaccharide | polymer of two simple sugar units | 9 | |
| 5131376472 | glycogen | polysaccharide example in humans | 10 | |
| 5131377865 | starch | polysaccharide example in plants | 11 | |
| 5131384572 | Fat | lipid that consists of glycerol with one, two, or three fatty acid tails | 12 | |
| 5131386408 | fatty acid | organic compound that consists of an acidic carboxyl group "head" and a long hydrocarbon "tail." | 13 | |
| 5131389091 | lipid | fatty, oily, or waxy organic compound | 14 | |
| 5131390088 | lipid bilayer | double layer of lipids arranged tail to tail; cell membranes | 15 | |
| 5131392567 | phospholipid | A lipid with a phosphate hydrophilic head and two non polar fatty acid tails. | 16 | |
| 5131395968 | Saturated fatty acid | fatty acid with only single bonds linking the carbons | 17 | |
| 5131397662 | steroid | type of lipid with four carbon rings and no fatty acid tails | 18 | |
| 5131398555 | triglyceride | a fat with three fatty acid tails | 19 | |
| 5131399913 | unsaturated fatty acid | fatty acid with one or more carbon-carbon double bonds in its tail | 20 | |
| 5131401851 | wax | water-repelling mixture of lipids with long fatty acid tails bonded to long-chain alcohols. | 21 | |
| 5131404088 | Amino acid | small organic compound that is a subunit of proteins | 22 | |
| 5131405532 | peptide | Short chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. | 23 | |
| 5131406587 | Peptide bond | a bond between two amino acids | 24 | |
| 5131407851 | polypeptide | long change of amino acids | 25 | |
| 5131409248 | protein | Organic molecule consisting of one or more polypeptides. | 26 | |
| 5131412209 | ATP | Nucleotide that is an energy carrier; adenosine triphosphate | 27 | |
| 5131415505 | Nucleic acid | Polymer of nucleotides (DNA or RNA) | 28 | |
| 5131417696 | Denature | To unravel the shape of a protein. | 29 | |
| 5131418812 | Prion | Infectious protein; causes Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans | 30 |