ap Flashcards

8393177963	Government		0
8393177964	Democracy	A political system in which all or most citizens participate directly	1
8393190968	Autocracy	Government holds all the power	2
8393190969	Republic	A government in which elected representatives make decisions	3
8393193921	Oligarcy	A form of government where a small group of people hold power	4
8393196793	Theocracy	Government held by religious leaders with divine right.	5
8393196794	Anarchy	No government	6
8393201550	Communism	All economic powers lay in the central government	7
8393204813	Parliamentary System	Legislative branch chooses executive branch	8
8393204814	Presidential System	President is elected by the people	9
8393208384	Unitary System	All power resides in central government (ex: Great Britain and Japan)	10
8393208385	Federal System	Government that separates power between central and federal government	11
8393214677	Confederal System/Confederation	Loose union of independent states.	12
8393214678	Unalienable/Natural Rights	Rights of all human beings that are ordained by God, discoverable in nature and history, and essential to human progress.	13
8393218507	Social Contract Theory	Give up some freedom for liberty	14
8393218508	Divine Right Theory		15
8393223345	Ratification	Consent to ratify to an amendment or treaty	16
8393226971	Virginia Plan	Proposal to have a strong government	17
8393230602	New Jersey Plan	Proposal to make a weaker government	18
8393237064	The Great Compromise/ Connecticut	A constitutional proposal that made membership in one house of Congress proportional to each state's population and membership in the other equal for all states	19
8393237065	Bicameral Legislature	two housed congress	20
8393242296	Unicameral Legislature	One housed congress	21
8393242297	Electoral College	The People chosen to cast each state's votes in presidential election. Each state has one electoral vote for each senator and representative it has.	22
8393245994	Three-Fifths Compromise		23
8393251019	Federalist		24
8393254355	Anti-Federalist		25
8393254356	Federalist Papers		26
8393258742	Seperation of Powers	authority shared by 3 different branches of government.	27
8393258743	Checks and Balances	....	28
8393261680	Judicial Review	...	29
8393261681	Commerce Clause	Article 1, Section 8, clause 3. Lets congress regulate trade and commerce	30
8393267169	Elastic/ Necessary and Proper Clause		31
8393267170	Equal Protection Clause	Promises each citizen equal protection	32
8393270698	Due Process Clause	Denies government the right to take away life, liberty, and property.	33
8393270699	Establishment Clause	Forbids official religion in government	34
8393275317	Full faith and credit clause	that states within the United States have to respect the "public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state."	35
8393275318	Supremacy Clause		36
8393278279	Federalism	Government authority between central and state government	37
8393278280	Delegated Powers	Powers to the government	38
8393306276	Expressed Powers		39
8393306277	Enumerated/Expressed Powers	Powers to congress	40
8393311524	Implied Powers	Powers that the necessary and proper clause gives to Congress	41
8393311525	Inherent Powers		42
8393318656	Exclusive Powers	powers only state government have	43
8393318657	Concurrent Powers	powers shared by state and government	44
8393325062	Reserved Powers	powers given to both states and government	45
8393325063	Denied Powers	state powers	46
8393325064	Extradition		47
8393328598	Dual Federalism	National gov supreme in its own sphere and state is supreme in its own	48
8393328599	Cooperative Federalistm	National and state governments share many powers	49
8393332237	Fiscal Federalism	Fiscal federalism deals with the division of governmental functions and financial relations among levels of government.	50
8393332238	Devolution		51
8393332239	Grants-in-aid	Money is given by national government to states for things like airports, schools, and libraries2aq1	52
8393337100	Categorical Grant	Grants in aid for specific purposes	53
8393337101	Block grant	Grant in aid with no restirctions	54
8393342505	Conditions of aid	Terms set by government that states need to meet to receive certain funds	55
8393342506	Funded mandate	States get somethings do doing what the government tell them to	56
8393346333	Unfunded mandate	States have to do something for the government, but don't get money in return	57
8393346334	Nullification	Doctrine by the states to declare laws unconstitutional.	58
8393349310	Initiative	Allows voters to petition to propose legislation &then submit it for a vote by qualified voters	59
8393349311	Referendum	Procedures enabling voters to reject a measure passed by the legislature	60
8393352461	Recall	Procedure for which voters can remove an elected official from office	61
8393352462	Political Machine	a political group in which an authoritative boss or small group commands the support of a corps of supporters and businesses (usually campaign workers), who receive rewards for their efforts.	62
8393355585	Patronage/spils system	Patronage is the support, encouragement, privilege, or financial aid that an organization or individual bestows to another.	63
8393355586	Party Identification	person categorized at democrat or republican or etc	64
8393358787	Party activists	Voter that is more extreme than normal	65
8393361745	Caucus		66
8393361746	Superdelagates		67
8393366144	Two Party System		68
8393369785	Plurality/Winner-takes-all system		69
8393369786	Proporational System		70
8393373886	MInor/THird Party		71
8393377789	Political Culture		72
8393377790	Voter Apathy		73
8393381240	Voter Redistration		74
8393381241	Liberal		75
8393381242	Conservative		76
8393383981	Party Realignment		77
8393384583	Party Dealignemnt		78
8393391199	Split-ticket Voting		79
8393394129	Straight Ticket Voting	Voting for your party	80
8393399213	National Convention		81
8393399214	National Committee		82
8393402878	Congressional Campaign Committee		83
8393412599	Closed Primary		84
8393412600	Open Primaty		85
8393415965	Blanket/Top Two primary		86
8393423672	General Election		87
8393423673	Safe Seats		88
8393423674	Coattail Effect		89
8393427319	Incumbent		90
8393427320	Campaign FInance		91
8393430756	Political Action Committee		92
8393430757	Soft Money		93
8393430758	Hard Money		94
8393436310	Electioneering COmmunications		95
8393440504	Independent Expenditures		96
8393444083	Federal Election Campaign Act		97
8393452527	Public Opinion		98
8393436311	527 Groups	-	99
8393457227	Sampling Error/ Margin of Error		100
8393444082	Buckley v. Valeo	Law limiting contributions was constitutional but limiting the spending of a candidate's own money was not	101
8393463215	Iron Triangle/Issue Network/ Subgoverenment		102
8393447845	Citizens United V. Fec	Overturned	103
8393463216	Agenda		104
8393467261	Issue-attetnion Cycle		105
8393469864	Issue Network/ Iron Triangle		106
8393473659	Second-order Devolution		107
8393476668	THird-Order Devolution		108
8393476669	Implementiaion		109
8393480065	Majoritarian Politics		110
8393487348	Entitlement Program		111
8393489941	Civil Rights		112
8393489942	Civil Liberties		113
8393489943	Due Process	-	114
8393494776	Equal Protection clause		115
8393499282	Selective Incorporation		116
8393499283	Prior Restraint		117
8393502720	Clear and Present Danger Test		118
8393502721	Exclutionary Rule		119
8393507261	Probable cause		120
8393511368	Good-Faith exception	An error in gathering evidence can still be used in court if small	121
8393514804	Strict scrutiny		122
8393514805	Affirmative Action		123
8393519918	Publicy Policy		124
8393519919	McCulloch vs Maryland	Lets Congress take action even if it clearly doesn't state it in the constitution. Necessary and proper clause	125
8393524678	Obergefell vs Hodges	Right to same sex marriages	126
8393528652	Mapp vs Ohio	evidence illegally gathered cannot be used in criminal trial	127
8393528653	Gideon v Wainright	People accused have the right to a attorney even if they cant afford one	128
8393534079	Schench V united States	It is illegal to say things that clearly state illegal actions	129
8393534080	TInker V Des Moines	Public school are allowed to wear armbands to class protests as long as it doesn't disturb class	130
8393536784	Texas v Johnson	Flag burning is not unconstitutional	131
8393540160	FEC v Wisconsin Right to life	which the Court held that issue ads may not be banned from the months preceding a primary or general election.	132
8393543871	Citizens United v FEC	Declared that restricting candidates from the use of corporate or union money to fund independent political broadcasts in candidate elections because it violated the First Amendment.	133
8393543872	Lemon V kurtzman	Three test are described for deciding whether the government is improperly involved with religion	134
8393546527	Miranda v Arizona		135
8393546528	Plessy v Ferguson	Separate but equal	136
8393550825	Brown v Board of Education	Separate schools are inherently unequal	137
8393554723	Griswold v Connecticut	Banning birth control is unconstitutional	138
8393554724	Reed v Reed	gender discrimination violates the equal protection clause	139
8393554725	Roe v Wade	State laws banning abortions are unconstitutional	140
8393559643	University or California v Bakke	Allowing race to be one of the factors in college picking	141
8393569069	Us v Windsor	Gay couples that marry must receive same benefits	142
8393569070	Article 1		143
8393572830	Article 2		144
8393572831	Article 3		145
8393572832	Article 4		146
8393575681	Article 5		147
8393575682	Article 6		148
8393575683	Article 7		149
8393579648	Amendment 1		150
8393579649	Amendment 2		151
8393588854	Amendment 3		152
8393588855	Amendment 4		153
8393592491	Amendment 5		154
8393597634	Amendment 6		155
8393603128	Amendment 7		156
8393603129	Amendment 8		157
8393603130	Amendment 9		158
8393607192	Amendment 10		159
8467931880	McCain Feingold act	-	160