AP Biology Cell Cycle Flashcards
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| 8664701418 | Mitosis | Cell division that produces normal cells, produces two identical daughter cells. | 0 | |
| 8664701420 | Centrioles | In animal cells, they organize microtubules into spindle fibers. These guide chromosomes in mitosis. | 1 | |
| 8664701421 | IPMAT | Pneumonic device to remember the stages and order of cell division: Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase. | 2 | |
| 8664701422 | Interphase | 90% of the cell cycle. The cell does its "everyday job": RNA is produced, proteins are synthesized. The cell is preparing for duplication -- it is ready whenever it is triggered. |  | 3 |
| 8664701423 | G1 Phase | Initiated by a signal to divide. 1st growth period of the cell. Cell does its "everyday job." Cell grows, preparing for division. | 4 | |
| 8664701424 | S Phase | DNA Synthesis. The cell copies chromosomes. | 5 | |
| 8664701425 | Chromatin | The DNA-Protein complex formed when DNA molecules wrap around histone proteins. | 6 | |
| 8664701426 | Chromosomes | A doubled rod of condensed chromatin; contains DNA that carries genetic information. | 7 | |
| 8664701428 | Centromeres | Area where the chromatids of a chromosome are attached. | 8 | |
| 8664701429 | Sister Chromatids | Replicated forms of a chromosome joined together by the centromere and eventually separated during mitosis. | 9 | |
| 8664701430 | Homologous Chromosomes | Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes, that have the same structure and code for the same gene, but may have different alleles. | 10 | |
| 8664701431 | G2 Phase | The cell prepares for division. Cell grows even more. Produces more organelles, proteins, and membranes. | 11 | |
| 8664701432 | Prophase | Chromatin condenses. Centrioles move to opposite poles of cell. Protein fibers cross cell to form mitotic spindle. Nuclear membrane breaks down. | 12 | |
| 8664701435 | spindle | fanlike microtubule structure that helps separate the chromosomes during mitosis | 13 | |
| 8664701436 | Metaphase | Chromosomes align along middle of cell, ensuring chromosomes separate properly. | 14 | |
| 8664701438 | Anaphase | Sister chromatids separate, poles move farther apart. | 15 | |
| 8664701440 | Telophase | Chromosomes arrive at opposite poles. Spindle fibers disperse. Cytokinesis begins. | 16 | |
| 8664701446 | Cancer | A collection of related diseases in which cells divide uncontrollably | 17 | |
| 8664701447 | G1 | Checkpoint where if cell is not ready to divide it may arrest here (G0 phase - nerve and muscle cells remain here, rarely divide after maturing) and never proceed or wait until it is ready. | 18 | |
| 8664701448 | S | DNA damage checkpoint: DNA recplication halted if genome is damage | 19 | |
| 8664701449 | cyclin | one family of proteins that regulates the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells | 20 | |
| 8664701468 | Metastasis | The spread of cancer cells beyond their original site | 21 | |
| 8664701469 | density-dependent inhibition | crowded cells stop dividing | 22 | |
| 8664701470 | anchorage dependence | The requirement that to divide, a cell must be attached to a solid surface. | 23 | |
| 8664701471 | tumor-suppressor genes | a gene whose protein product inhibits cell division, thereby preventing the uncontrolled cell growth that contributes to cancer (ex p53) | 24 | |
| 8664701472 | Proto-oncogenes | Genes that stimulate mitosis | 25 |