AP language terms Flashcards

8564537232	Tone	Attitude a writer takes toward the audience, a subject, or a character	0
8564537233	Syntax	A set of rules in a language; dictates how words from different parts of speech are put together in order to convey a thought	1
8564537234	Diction	style of speaking or writing determined by the choice of words by a speaker or a writer	2
8564537235	Connotation	refers to a meaning that is implied by a word apart from the thing which it describes explicitly	3
8564537236	Denotation	defined as literal or dictionary meanings of a word	4
8564537237	figurative language	uses figures of speech to be more effective, persuasive, and impactful	5
8564537238	argument (thesis)	The thesis statement or main claim must be debatable	6
8564537239	Ethos	Credibility	7
8564537240	Pathos	Appeal to emotion	8
8564537241	Logos	Appeal to logic	9
8564537242	Parallelism	Use of components in a sentence that are grammatically the same	10
8564537243	Antithesis	two opposite ideas are put together in a sentence to achieve a contrasting effect	11
8564537244	Description	Using sensory details to portray a person, place, or thing	12
8564537245	Explain	Tell how	13
8564537246	Inform	To tell, give the facts	14
8564537247	Persuasion/Argument	Argument explains what someone believes, while persuasion attempts to change someone else's opinion	15
8564537248	Entertain	Amuse the audience of to make them enjoy the writing	16
8564537249	cause/effect	In which one event makes another event happen	17
8564537250	Process Analysis	designed to convey to the reader how a change takes place through a series of stages	18
8564537251	Narration	Telling about an event using time or order	19
8564537252	compare/contrast	the process of identifying similarities and differences between things	20
8564537253	anecdote	a short and amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person	21
8564537254	Non-sequitur	Latin for "it does not follow." When one statement isn't logically connected to another	22
8564537255	Satire	a technique that ridicules both people and societal institutions, using iron wit, and exaggeration.	23
8564537256	deductive reasoning	general to specific	24
8564537257	inductive reasoning	specific to general	25
8564537258	Syllogism	A form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion.	26
8564537259	Juxtaposition	a literary technique that relies on comparison and contrast for its resonance with an audience	27
8564537260	periodic sentence	sentence whose main clause is withheld until the end	28
8564537261	cumulative sentence	sentence that completes the main idea at the beginning of the sentence and then builds and adds on	29
8564537262	simple sentence	A sentence consisting of one independent clause and no dependent clause	30
8564537263	compound sentence	a sentence with two or more coordinate independent clauses, often joined by one or more conjunctions	31
8564537264	complex sentence	A sentence with one independent clause and at least one dependent clause	32
8564537265	Ellipses	Indicated by a series of three periods; shows that words have been omitted	33
8564537266	Anastrophe	Inversion of the natural or usual word order	34
8564537267	Paranthesis	consists of a word, phrase, or whole sentence inserted as an aside in the middle of another sentence	35
8564537268	Hyperbole	A figure of speech that uses exaggeration to express strong emotion, make a point, or evoke humor	36
8564537269	Oxymoron	A figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase.	37
8564537270	euphemism	An indirect, less offensive way of saying something that is considered unpleasant	38
8564537271	Jargon	nonsensical talk; specialized language	39
8564537272	Vernacular	Everyday language of ordinary people	40
8564537273	cliche	a worn-out idea or overused expression	41
8564537274	Idiom	A common, often used expression that doesn't make sense if you take it literally.	42
8564537275	Synesthesia	describing one kind of sensation in terms of another ("a loud color", "a sweet sound")	43
8564537276	Simile	A comparison using "like" or "as"	44
8564537277	Analogy	A comparison of two different things that are similar in some way	45
8564537278	Metaphor	A comparison without using like or as	46
8564537279	Personification	A figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes	47
8564537280	Allusion	A reference to another work of literature, person, or event	48
8564537281	eponym	a person whose name is, or is thought to be, the source of the name of something	49
8564537282	Apostrophe	address to an absent or imaginary person	50
8564537283	Paradox	a statement that seems contradictory but is actually true	51
8564537284	rhetorical question	A question asked merely for rhetorical effect and not requiring an answer	52
8564537285	Persona	Greek for "mask." The face or character that a speaker shows to his or her audience.	53
8564537286	Irony	the use of words to convey a meaning that is the opposite of its literal meaning	54
8564537287	Juxtaposition	Placement of two things closely together to emphasize comparisons or contrasts	55
8564537288	Ambiguity	The multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage.	56
8564537289	colloquial	Characteristic of ordinary conversation rather than formal speech or writing	57
8564537290	trite	commonplace; overused, stale	58
8564537291	Alliteration	the occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words.	59
8564537292	Onomatopoeia	A word that imitates the sound it represents.	60
8564537293	Assonance	Repetition of a vowel sound within two or more words in close proximity	61
8564537294	Consonance	Repetition of a consonant sound within two or more words in close proximity.	62
8564537295	Scare Tactics	attempt to scare the audience into agreeing with the speaker	63
8564537296	either-or fallacy	oversimplifying an issue as offering only two choices	64
8564537297	Slippery Slope	an idea or course of action which will lead to something unacceptable, wrong, or disastrous.	65
8564537298	Sentimental Appeal	Playing on readers' emotions to distract them from the fact	66
8564537299	bandwagon appeal	a persuasive technique used in media message that appeals to the "everyone is doing it" mentality	67
8564537300	Appeals to false authority	When writers offer themselves or other authorities as sufficient warrant for believing a claim	68
8564537301	dogmatism	arrogant, stubborn assertion of opinion or belief	69
8564537302	ad hominem	a fallacy that attacks the person rather than dealing with the real issue in dispute	70
8564537303	Hasty Generalization	A fallacy in which a conclusion is not logically justified by sufficient or unbiased evidence.	71
8564537304	Faulty Causality	setting up a cause-effect relationship when none exists	72
8564537305	circular reasoning	a fallacy in which the writer repeats the claim as a way to provide evidence	73
8564537306	Equivocation	When a writer uses the same term in two different senses in an argument.	74
8564537307	Straw Man	This move oversimplifies an opponent's viewpoint and then attacks that hollow argument.	75
8564537308	faulty analogy	a fallacy that occurs when an analogy compares two things that are not comparable	76
8564537309	red herring	something that draws attention away from the main issue	77
8564537310	Non-sequitur	Latin for "it does not follow." When one statement isn't logically connected to another	78