AP Language: Homily to Onomatopoeia (CCA) #3 Flashcards

6169061366	homily	This term literally means "sermon," but more informally, it can include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice.	0
6169062467	hyperbole	A figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement. Hyperboles often have a comic effect; however, a serious effect is also possible. Often, hyperbole produces irony.	1
6169066008	imagery	The sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions, On a physical level, imagery uses terms related to the five senses; we refer to visual, auditory, tactile, gustatory, or olfactory imagery. On a broader and deeper level, however, one image can represent more than one thing. For example, a rose may present visual imagery while also representing the color i a woman's cheeks and /or symbolizing some degree of perfection (It is the highest flower on the Great Chain of Being). An author may use complex imagery while simultaneously employing other figures of speech, especially metaphor and simile. In addition, this term can apply to the total of all the images in a work. On the AP exam, pay attention to how an author creates imagery and to the effect of this imagery.	2
6169064251	inference/infer	To draw a reasonable conclusion from the information presented. When a multiple-choice question asks for an inference to be drawn from a passage, the most direct, most reasonable inference is the safest answer choice .If an inference is implausible, it's unlikely to be the correct answer. Note that if the answer choice is directly stated, its not inferred and is wrong. As we have seen in the multiple-choice selections that we have been trying, you must be careful to note the connotation - negative or positive - of the choices.	3
6169084473	irony/ironic	The contrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant. The difference between what appears to be and what actually is true. In general, there are three major types of irony used in language; (1) In verbal irony, the words literally state the opposite of the writer's (or speaker's) true meaning. (2) In situational irony, events turn out the opposite of what was expected. What the characters and readers think ought to happen is not what does happen. (3) In dramatic irony, facts of events are unknown to a character in a play or piece of fiction but known to the reader, audience, or other characters in the work. Irony is used for many reasons, but frequently, it's used to create poignancy or humor.	4
6169093487	invective	an emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language.	5
6169155844	loose sentence	A type of sentence in which the main idea (independent clause) comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units such as phrase and clauses.	6
6169180318	metaphor	A figure of speech using implied comparison of seemingly unlike things or the substitution of one for the other, suggesting some similarity. Metaphorical language makes writing more vivid, imaginative, thought provoking, and meaningful.	7
6169185314	metonymy	A term from the Greek meaning "changed label" or "substitute name," metonymy is a figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it. A news release that claims "the White House declared" rather than "the President declared" is using metonymy. The substituted term generally carries a more potent emotional impact.	8
6169295068	mood	This term has two distinct technical meanings in English writing.The first meaning is grammatical and deals with verbal units and a speaker's attitude. The indicative mood is used only for factual sentences. For example, "Joe eats too quickly." The subjunctive mood is used to express conditions contrary to fact. For example, "If I were you, I'd get another job." The imperative mood is used for commands. For example, "Shut the door!" The second meaning of mood is literary, meaning the prevailing atmosphere or emotional aura of a work. Setting,tone, and events can affect the mood. In this usage, mood is similar to tone and atmosphere.	9
6169398270	onomatopoeia	A figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words. Simple examples include such words as buzz,hiss,hum,crack,whinny, and murmur. If you note examples of onomatopoeia in an essay passage, note the effect.	10