Music Theory AP Music Flashcards

9710544912	Passing tone	Approached by step and then continues by step in the same direction	0
9710544913	Neighboring tone	Approached by step and then returns by step to the original note	1
9710544914	Accented neighboring tone	A neighbor tone that occurs within the second chord	2
9710544915	Anticipation	Approached by step and then remains the same	3
9710544916	Escape tone	Approached by step in them skips in the opposite direction	4
9710544917	Appoggiatura	Approached by skip and then steps in the opposite direction	5
9710544918	Suspension	Keeps a note the same and then steps downward	6
9710544919	Retardation	Keeps a note the same and then steps upward	7
9710544920	Changing tones	To non-harmonic times in succession like a double neighbor tone or neighbor group	8
9710544921	Perfect authentic cadence	Goes from V to I, root position, highest note of the I chord must be the root	9
9710544922	Imperfect authentic cadence	Goes from diminished vii to I, the V chord is inverted, OR the highest note of the I chord is not the root	10
9710544923	Deceptive cadence	Goes from V chord to any chord besides a I chord	11
9710544924	Half cadence	Goes from any chord to a V	12
9710544925	Major scale circle progressions	I> IV> vii dim> iii> vi> ii> V> I	13
9710544926	Minor scale circle progressions	i> iv> VII> III> VI> ii dim> v> i	14
9710544927	Motive	A short melody	15
9710544928	Theme	A long motif	16
9710544929	Antecedent	Question	17
9710544930	Consequent	Answer	18
9710544931	Period	Antecedent and consequent together	19
9710544932	Parallel period	Similar periods	20
9710544933	Contrasting period	More different periods	21
9710544934	Double period	The question is doubled and answer is doubled	22
9710544935	Retrograde	Backwards	23
9710544936	Elision (phase elision)	2 phrases are connected (overlap)	24
9710544937	Fragmentation	Segmenting the phrase	25
9710544938	Internal expansion	Make the inside of phrase larger but beginning and end are same	26
9710544939	Motivic transformation	Rhythmic alteration	27
9710544940	Thematic transformation	Any change	28
9710544941	Truncation	Cutting off	29
9710544942	Diatonic	In the key (major or minor scale)	30
9710544943	Chromatic	Using accidentals, notes not in key	31
9710544944	Picardy third	Minor piece with the last chord in major	32
9710544945	Resolution	Moving to a pleasant sound	33
9710544946	Common practice style	From Bach to Brahams	34
9710544947	Rondo	Aaaba Bcdcc A; ABA; ABACA; ABACABA	35
9710544948	Cadential extension	Delaying the cadence by adding material	36
9710544949	Coda	An ending (any length)	37
9710544950	Codetta	A small coda (end of sonata, perfect cadence at end)	38
9710544951	Stanza	Same music, different lyrics	39
9710544952	Strophic	AAA (same music each verse)	40
9710544953	Refrain or chorus	Repeated section (same lyrics)	41
9710544954	Verse	New lyrics each time	42
9710544955	Bridge	A contrasting section to the verse or chorus	43
9710544956	Turnaround	A chord progression that brings you back to the beginning (M6, m2, 5, 1)	44
9710544957	Song form	AABA	45
9710544958	Twelve-bar blues	I, I, I, I, IV, IV, I, I, V, IV, I, I	46
9710544959	Lead sheet	A piece of music with chords, lyrics, and melody	47
9710544960	Rhythm section	Piano, bass, drums,sometimes guitar	48
9710544961	Binary	AABB	49
9710544962	Rounded binary	ABA with B being similar to A	50
9710544963	Ternary	ABA with B contrasting A	51
9710544964	Through-composed	No repeats	52
9710544965	Theme & vaiation	Each new statement of the theme is a little varied	53
9710544966	Phrygian half	In a minor key, goes from iv^6 to V	54
9710544967	Conclusive cadence	Anything going to I (major or minor)	55
9710544968	Inconclusive cadence	Anything not going to I	56
9710544969	Predominant function	Whatever chord comes before V (resolves)	57
9710544970	Circle of fifths	A chord progression moving down a fifth each time	58
9710544971	Retrogression	A chord progression moving further than I on a circle of fifths	59
9710544972	Deceptive progression		60