AP Photosynthesis Flashcards

9803471595	Electron Transport Chain	uses high energy electrons generated by the photosystem to pump hydrogen ions into the thylakoid against their concentration gradient.	0
9803471596	ATP Synthase	enzyme that uses energy from H+ ions to bind ADP to an inorganic phosphate to produce ATP	1
9803471597	NADPH	An electron carrier produced from PSI involved in photosynthesis, which provides the high-energy electrons to the calvin cycle	2
9803471598	ATP	(adenosine triphosphate) the main energy source for all cells; a molecule that is catabolized to release energy to drive metabolic processes	3
9803471599	Light Dependent Reactions	production of ATP and NADPH to supply the calvin cycle with energy	4
9803471600	oxygen	PS2 splits a water to generate __________ for the atmosphere	5
9803471601	Water	_______ is split in PS2 to generate oxygen and provide an electron	6
9803471602	Photons	Light energy	7
9803471603	Thylakoid space	H+ ions are pumped into the ______________________ by the ETC of PS2	8
9803471604	H+ ions	diffuse down their concentration gradient to spin ATP Synthase to convert ADP -> ATP	9
9803471605	Energy in the light ________	is used to split water and excite electrons	10
9803471606	At each step in the electron transport chain electrons ________ energy	Lose	11
9803471607	photolysis	The splitting of water to replace electrons that are lost to photosystem II	12
9803471608	What does photolysis form?	Oxygen, hydrogen ions, and electrons	13
9803471609	chlorophyll	pigment used to absorb light energy and excite electrons	14
9803471610	When are ATP and NADPH used?	light independent reactions	15
9803471611	Photosynthesis	Conversion of light energy from the sun into chemical energy.	16
9803471612	Chloroplasts	organelle where photosynthesis takes place	17
9803471613	Thylakoid	saclike photosynthetic membranes found in chloroplasts where light dependent reaction takes place	18
9803471614	Stroma	fluid portion of the chloroplast; outside of the thylakoids where light independent reaction occurs	19
9803471615	Photosystem 1	the electrons are re-energized by light energy and used to make NADPH. 2nd photosystem in ETC.	20
9803471616	Photosystem 2	Uses light energy to split water. 1st photosystem in the light dependent reactions.	21
9803471617	Water	needed to replace the electron that is lost when it gets added to NADP+	22
9803471618	proton gradient	buildup of hydrogen ions in the thylakoid space lowering the pH	23
9803471619	chemiosmosis	combination of electron transport chain and phosphorylation	24
9803471620	palisade mesophyll	location in the leaf where photosynthesis takes place	25
9803471621	stomates	opening in the leaf allowing oxygen out and carbon dioxide in	26
9803471622	guard cells	cells in the leaf that control the opening and closing of the stomates	27
9803471623	calvin cycle	Uses ATP and NADPH to produce glucose	28
9803471624	carbon fixation	stage occurring when RUBP is added to Carbon dioxide to produce 2 molecules of 3PGA	29
9803471625	ADP + Pi	produced when ATP is used in the calvin cycle	30
9803471626	NADP	Molecule Produced when hydrogen and electrons are transferred to 3PGA	31
9803471627	Reduction	stage ocuring when electons to 3PGA to produce G3P	32
9803471628	Regeneration	the stage when G3P gets converted back to RUBP	33
9803471629	rubisco	the enzyme needed to attach Carbon dioxide to RUBP	34
9803471630	the number of carbon dioxides needed to to produce 1 glucose	6	35