**** AP Flashcards

5089165119	The 9 regions	Top right and left = R/l Hypochondriac Mid= epigastric Middle r/l = lumbar region Mid= Umbilical region Bottom rl= inguinal region Mid= Hypogastric (pubic)	0
5089175829	Reginal terms	Axial, Appendicular	1
5089175830	The planes of the body	Sagital (median/middle) Coronal (frontal) Transverse (Horizontal)	2
5089179499	Body cavities and what they do	Protects organs from shock Permits change in size and shape or organs	3
5089348923	Thoracic cavity	R/l Pleular cavities Contain right and left lung	4
5089355659	Mediastinum	Upper portion contains=Filled with blood vessels, trachea, esophagus, thymus Lower portion= Heard within the pericardial cavity	5
5089182240	Tissue	Group of similar cells Form discrete region of an organ preform same function	6
5089182241	Organ	Composed of 2 or more types of tissue	7
5089182242	Organ system	systemic anatomy = study of one organ system	8
5089187194	Definition + example of Ionic bonds	Electrons are given or taken from outer shell of atom Sodium and Chlorine Sodium gives up atom to make sodium chloride	9
5089549077	Colliods	Mixture of protein and water Hetrogenous Remains mixed	10
5089187195	Polar	Unequal sharing of	11
5089189754	Covenant bonding	electrons are shared between atoms	12
5089192643	Function and characteristics of protein		13
5089968832	Disaccharides	Sugar molecules composed of 2 monosaccharides	14
5089993202	Polysaccharides	Chain of glucose subunits	15
5089975918	Sucrose is what kind of sugar	table sugar, glucose + fructose	16
5089981594	Lactose is what kind of sugar	Sugar in milk	17
5089984524	Maltose is what kind of sugar	Grain products Glucose + glucose	18
5089192644	Function and characteristics of carbs	Short term energy	19
5089194710	Function and characteristics of lipids		20
5089196834	Storage form of carbs in the body?		21
5089201084	What is the definition of an organic molecule? Know examples.	Smallest unit of organic compounds. Proteins, carbs, lipids and nucleic acids	22
5089201085	What are the 4 elements that make up most of the body?	Oxygen, Nitrogen, Hydrogen and	23
5089203192	Know the differences between mixtures, colloids and suspensions	Suspension = Particles suspended in a solvent	24
5089206648	Know how to calculate the number of electrons in the valance shell if an atom if I give you the atomic number		25
5089209376	Know the 3 monosaccharides and how they combine the 3 disaccharides we discussed in class.	Monomers = similar subunit Polymers = Formed from monomers bonded togeather= Macromolecules Macromolecules = Very large Molecules	26
5089209377	Electron		27
5089211818	Molecule	Particles composed of 2 or more atoms (Contently bonded)	28
5089511974	Compound	Two or more atoms of different elements contently bonded (CO2C6H12O6)	29
5089211819	Matter	Anything that takes up space and has mass	30
5089211820	atom	smallest stable unit of matter	31
5089215136	Order of organization in an organism		32
5089215137	What is an ion? How is it formed? Be able to recognize an example of an ion.		33
5089217297	Know the properties of water that we discussed in class.		34
5089217298	Know about the pH scale and the normal pH of blood		35
5089612416	PH	the concentration of H+ ions in a solution	36
5089220281	Smooth ER	synthesis lipids and carbs	37
5089220282	Rough ER	synthesis proteins	38
5089222200	Hypertonic	more solute outside cell, crenates	39
5089222201	Hypotonic	more solute inside cell, lyses	40
5089222202	Isotonic	equal amount in and out	41
5089225549	Know the components and characteristics of the plasma membrane		42
5089225550	Know what diffusion, osmosis, facilitated transport, exocytosis and endocytosis are.		43
5089229365	Dehydration reaction	Removal of water that allows subunits to link together into larger molecules	44
5090004431	Dehydration synthesis	Monomers covalently bond together to form polymer with the removal of a water molecule How water is made	45
5089229378	Hydrolysis	The addition of water that breaks larger molecules into their subunits	46
5089232864	Metabolism		47
5089232865	Catabolism	The sum of all decomposition reactions in the body	48
5089232866	Anabolism	the sum of all synthesis reactions in the body	49
5089235142	What are the functions of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins?	Carbs for short energy, lipids for long tern energy, protein for	50
5089245075	What are the functions of epithelial tissue?		51
5091135569	Necleous	re-writes ribasomal RNA and combined with protein	52
5091157157	Nucleus	contains DNA and coding for all protein	53
5091179108	cytoplasm	material between plasma membrane and nucleus	54
5089245076	What are the characteristics of cartilage? Of bone?		55
5089247507	How are bone and cartilage similar? How are they different?		56
5089247508	What are the 4 hallmark signs of inflammation?		57
5089250035	What are the differences between the three types of cartilage? Location, types of fibers, amount of fibers		58
5089250036	What are the functions of the different types of epithelium?		59
5089254834	What are the 4 main types of connective tissues? Define the term tissue and describe the four basic types: Characteristics and functions	Proper, cartridge, bone, blood	60
5089260927	Cilia	Moves shit around the cell by pushing it	61
5089260928	Microvilli	Cellular membrane that increases surface area of cell (The Brush boarder)	62
5089260929	Flagella	Tail on sperm that allows it to move around	63
5089266535	General features functions and locations of the 3 types of muscle tissue		64
5089273069	synovial	Fills synovial joint capsules	65
5089273070	Serous	Fills body cavities	66
5089273071	Mucous	Secreted from exocrine glands and columnar cells	67
5089275811	Cell junction types	Tight junction= In vertebrate epithelial, act as barriers that regulate movement of water and solutes between epi layers GAP junction= allows for direct chemical communication between adjacent cellular cytoplasm through diffusion Adhesion junction=	68
5089275812	Endocrine gland	Secrete their products directly into the body	69
5089275813	Exocrine gland	Secrete their products into ducts (mucus)	70
5089277927	Holocrine gland	Accumulate products within then rupture	71
5089277928	Merocrine Gland	exocrine glands, secretes sweat	72
5089277929	Apocrine Gland	Accumulate products within but only apex ruptures	73
5089280932	Sudoriferous Gland		74