AP bio chem test Flashcards

7860015467	carbon based compounds.	organic molecule	0
7860015468	hydrophobic biological molecules composed mostly of carbon and hydrogen	lipids	1
7860015469	a functional molecule made of folded chains of amino acids.	proteins	2
7860015470	large biological molecules made of nucleotides	nucleic acid	3
7860015471	sugars and polymers of sugars. Have a chemical ratio of CH2O	carbohydrates	4
7860015472	a chemical reaction in which to molecules are linked together and produce water in the process	dehydration synthesis	5
7860015473	reaction in which polymers are disassembled to monomers. Water is needed	hydrolysis	6
7860015474	single units that make up a polymer	monomers	7
7860015475	a long molecule consisting of repeated building blocks	polymers	8
7860015476	monomers that make up carbohydrates (simple sugars)	monosaccharide	9
7860015477	a dimer (two unit) molecule or carbohydrates.	disaccharide	10
7860015478	large molecules composed of up to thousands of linked monosacharides	polysaccharide	11
7860015479	polymer of glucose used by plants to store energy. Common human food staple	starch	12
7860015480	polymer of glucose that makes up cell walls of plants. (Dietary Fiber)	cellulose	13
7860015481	polymer of glucose used to store sugar in humans and other animals	glycogen	14
7860015482	Different bonding patterns of the carbons in glucose allow for diffent structures to arise in macromolecules they form.	How can glucose form so many different polymers?	15
7860015483	long chain of carbon and hydrogen that form fats. Saturated fatty acids contains no double bonds between carbon atoms	saturated fatty acids	16
7860015484	long chain of carbon and hydrogen that form fats. Unsaturated fats contain double bonds that add kinks to the chains	unsaturated fat	17
7860015485	molecules are hydrophobic I they don't mix with water	hydrophobic	18
7860015486	molecules are hydrophobic if they are polar and are attracted to water	hydrophilic	19
7860015487	A rule in chemistry: Hydrophilic molecules mix with eachother. Hydrophobic molecules will also mix with eachother.	Like dissolves like	20
7860015488	lipid made of a four ring skeleton, used for signalling in cells	steroids	21
7860015489	monomer that make up proteins. 20 different amino acids occur in organisms.	amino acids	22
7860015490	Side chains in amino acids that determine the structure of a protein	r groups	23
7860015491	description of the linked chain of amino acids that make up a protein.	primary protein structure	24
7860015492	description of stable regions within a protein (sheets and helices)	secondary protein structure	25
7860015493	3-dimensional structure of an entire polypeptide.	tertiary protein structure	26
7860015494	overall structure of a protein made of multiple polypeptides	quaternary protein structure	27
7860015495	adenosine triphosphate, energy currency or batteries of the cell.	ATP	28
7860015496	monomers of nucleic acids made of a sugar, phosphate group and a nitrogenous base	nucleotides	29
7860015497	Covalently bonded backbone that makes up the sides of the DNA helix	Sugar phosphate backbone	30
7860015498	hydrogen bonds between DNA bases A-T , C-G, A-U	complimentary base pairing	31
7860015499	amino acids -> protein , monosacharides -> carbohydrates, nucleotides -> nucleic acids, fatty acids -> some lipids	monomer polymer pairs	32
7860015500	weak attractive force between polar molecules	hydrogen bonds	33
7860015501	strong bond formed by sharing electrons.	covalent bonds	34
7860015502	bond formed by the attraction between positive and negative ions due to electron transfer	ionic bonds	35
7860015503	Compounds are made of elements but rarely share properties of the elements that make them up.	emergent properties of compounds	36
7860015504	biological catalyst made of protein.	enzyme	37
7860015505	a substances that speeds up a chemical reaction and reduces the activation energy of a reaction.	catalyst	38
7860015506	carbon forms 4 stable bonds that allow it to produces a wide variety of molecules of various shapes and functions.	why is carbon based?	39
7860015507	tendency of water to be attracted to itself because it is polar.	cohesion	40
7860015508	forces that hold the surface of a liquid together. Water has surface tension because it is polar.	surface tension	41
7860015509	water forms crystals when it freezes that have lower density than liquid water because water is polar.	why does ice float?	42
7860015510	Ability of a substance to absorb heat without chaning temp. Water has a high heat capacity because it is polar.	heat capacity	43
7860015511	It's polar regions are attracted to any polar or charged substance	Why is water a good solvent?	44
7860015512	a covalent bond in which electrons are shared unequally causing charged regions within a molecule.	polar covalent bond	45
7860015513	proton (+), Neutron (0), electron (-)	what three particles make up an atom? What are their charges?	46
7860015514	Atoms have electron shells. The outer shell will be reactive and form bonds if it isn't completely full. Atoms form bonds in order to fill this outer shell (Usually 8 electrons)	What is the octet rule	47
7897874144	carbohydrate	What class of molecule is this?	48
7897877554	amino acid	What class of molecule is this?	49
7897886279	phosphate group	What functional group is this?	50
7897891575	saturated fatty acid	What class of molecule is this?	51
7897895362	unsaturated fatty acid	What class of molecule is this?	52
7897900688	nucleotide	What class of molecule is this?	53
7897905499	nitrogenous base	What class of molecule is this?	54
7897914505	carbohydrate	What class of molecule is this?	55
7897919563	carbohydrate	What class of molecule is this?	56