AP Psych Ch. 7 Flashcards

6064536945	Cognition	mental activities like thinking, problem solving, decision-making	0
6064542963	Thinking	manipulation of mental representations of information	1
6064548580	Mental image	mental representation of spatial information or events	2
6064559350	Prototype	the best or most typical example of a concept	3
6064566495	Trial & error	problem solving, attempting different solutions, eliminating those that do not work	4
6064572934	Algorithm	problem solving, involves a specific rule or procedure the produces the correct solution	5
6064583884	Heuristic	rule of thumb problem solving strategy	6
6064587946	Insight	sudden realization of solution to problem	7
6064591892	Intuition	solving a problem without conscious awareness of the thought processes involved	8
6064601344	Availability heuristic	likelihood of event is estimated on basis of readily available information about other like events	9
6064617565	Representativeness heuristic	likelihood of event is estimated based on similarity to a prototype of event	10
6064623512	Functional fixedness	type of mental set, view objects as only able to function in their customary way	11
6064631579	Mental set	persist in solving problems with solutions that have worked in the past	12
6064644557	Whorfian hypothesis	aka: linguistic relativity hypothesis, differences among languages can cause differences in thoughts	13
6064664624	Single feature model	decision making, base decision on a single feature	14
6064675414	Additive model	decision making, list most important factors, rank them	15
6064684406	Elimination model	decision making, list criteria, cross off choices that don't meet all of the criteria	16
6064720013	Belief-bias effect	accept only evidence that conforms to belief	17
6064723550	Confimation bias	seek out evidence that confirms existing belief	18
6064734177	Overestimation effect	overestimate the rarity of an event, when in actuality it is common	19
6064749412	Intelligence	global capacity to think rationally, act purposefully, and deal effectively with environment	20
6064758197	Binet	first to develop a test to measure different mental abilities	21
6064763707	Terman	developed IQ	22
6064769317	Wechsler	developed the first intelligence test for adults	23
6064775413	Achievement	person's level of knowledge	24
6064782689	Aptitude	person's ability to benefit from further training	25
6064789942	Standardization	develop a norm for a test	26
6064793803	Reliability	test must produce similar scores on different occasions	27
6064800472	Validity	test measures what it is supposed to measure	28
6064808194	Average IQ	85 to 115, 68% of population	29
6064814937	Spearman	g factor of intelligence	30
6064820475	Thurstone	7 primary mental abilities	31
6064826560	Gardner	multiple intelligences	32
6064832518	Sternberg	triarchic theory of intelligence	33
6064846765	Autism spectrum disorder	deficits in social communication & interaction and restricted behaviors & activities	34
6064863577	Heritability	percentage of variation within a given population due to heredity	35
6064869807	Stereotype threat	negative stereotype leads to lower performance	36
6064890926	Stereotype lift	positive stereotype leads to increased performance	37