AP Psych Unit 5 Flashcards

6491930944	Consciousness	Our awareness of ourselves and our environment	0
6491935708	Circadian rhythm	The biological clock; regular bodily rhythms that occur on a 24-hour cycle.	1
6491967236	REM sleep	Rapid eye movement sleep; a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur. Also known as paradoxical sleep, because the muscles are relaxed but other body systems are active	2
6491975044	Alpha waves	The relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state.	3
6491982931	Sleep	Periodic, natural loss of consciousness-as distinct from consciousness resulting from a coma, general anesthesia, or hibernation	4
6491991143	Hallucinations	False sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus	5
6492007436	Delta waves	The large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep.	6
6492013544	NREM sleep	Non-rapid eye movement sleep; encompasses all sleep stages except for REM sleep.	7
6492020227	Insomnia	Recurring problems in falling or staying asleep.	8
6492029173	Narcolepsy	A sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks. The sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times	9
6492042329	Sleep apnea	A sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings.	10
6492059797	Night terrors	A sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified; unlike nightmares, they occur during stage $ sleep, within two or three hours of falling asleep, and are seldom remembered	11
6492063249	Dream	A sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person's mind. Noted for their hallucinatory imagery, discontinuities, and incongruities, and for the person's delusional acceptance of the content and later difficulties remembering it	12
6492080812	Manifest content	According to Freud, the remembered story line of a dream (as distinct from its latent, or hidden, content)	13
6492086576	Latent content	According to Freud, the underlying meaning of a dream (as distinct from its manifest content).	14
6492102615	REM rebound	The tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation (created by repeated awakenings during REM sleep)	15
6492106793	hypnosis	A social interaction in which one person suggests to another that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors will spontaneously occur	16
6492114454	Posthypnotic suggestion	A suggestion, made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized; used by some clinicians to help control undesired symptoms and behaviors	17
6492122858	dissociation	A split in consciousness, which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others	18
6492138142	Psychoactive drugs	A chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods.	19
6492147226	Tolerance	The diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug, requiring the user to take larger and larger doses before experiencing the drug's effect.	20
6492155738	Withdrawal	The discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing the use of an addictive drug	21
6492173769	Physical dependence	A physiological need for a drug, marked by unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the drug is discontinued.	22
6492181787	Psychological dependence	A psychological need to use a drug, such as to relieve negative emotions.	23
6492191971	Addiction	Compulsive drug craving and use, despite adverse consequences	24
6492214708	Depressants	Drugs (such as alcohol, barbiturates, and opiates) that reduce neural activity and slow body functions.	25
6492224203	Barbiturates	Drugs that depress the activity of the central nervous system, reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgement.	26
6492233345	Opiates	Opium and its derivatives, such as morphine and heroin; they depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety.	27
6492238837	Stimulants	Drugs (such as caffeine, nicotine, and the more powerful amphetamines, cocaine, and Ecstasy) that excite neural activity and speed up body functions.	28
6492243923	Amphetamines	Drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing speeded up body functions and associated energy and mood changes	29
6492258557	Methamphetamine	A powerfully addictive drug that stimulates the central nervous system, with speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes; over time, appears to reduce baseline dopamine levels.	30
6492268924	Ecstasy (MDMA)	A synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen. Produces euphoria and social intimacy, but with short-term health risks and longer-term harm to serotonin-producing neurons and to mood and cognition.	31
6492271613	Hallucinogens	Psychedelic drugs, such as LSD, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input.	32
6492277794	LSD	A powerful hallucinogenic drug; also known as acid	33
6492282268	Near-death experience	An altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death (such as through cardiac arrest); often similar to drug-induced hallucinations.	34
6492285785	THC	The major active ingredient in marijuana; triggers a variety of effects including mild hallucinations.	35