AP Biology Evolution Vocabulary Flashcards
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| 9770314143 | Adaptation | Characteristics passed down to an organism over generations that help it to survive and reproduce in a specific environment | 0 | |
| 9770314144 | Mutation | Change in the nucleotide sequence of an organisms DNA (or RNA in a virus) | 1 | |
| 9770314145 | Speciation | Evolutionary process where a species splits into multiple species | 2 | |
| 9770314146 | Species | Members of the same population that are able to interbreed and produce viable, fertile offspring from that same population, but not with a different population | 3 | |
| 9770314147 | Sympatric Speciation | Formation of new species in populations that live in the same geographic area | 4 | |
| 9770314148 | Vestigial Organ | A feature on an organism that served as a function for their ancestors | 5 | |
| 9770314149 | Allotropic Speciation | Formation of a new species in populations that are geographical isolated from one another | 6 | |
| 9770314150 | Artificial Selection | Unnatural selective breeding of plants and animals to gain desirable traits in an offspring | 7 | |
| 9770314151 | Biological Species Concept | Same definition as "Species"; members of populations that are able to interbreed and produce viable, fertile offspring, but are unable to with members of a different offspring | 8 | |
| 9770314152 | Common Ancestor | When species share the same ancestor from many years ago | 9 | |
| 9770314153 | Fossil | A preserved remnant or impression of an organism from many years ago | 10 | |
| 9770314154 | Geology | Science that deals with Earth's physical structures and history | 11 | |
| 9770314155 | Natural Selection | Process where organisms have a certain inherited trait that allows them to survive and reproduce in an environment better than other organisms. | 12 | |
| 9770314156 | Polyploidy | Chromosome alteration where an organism has more than two sets of chromosomes. Result of accident in cell division. |  | 13 |
| 9770314157 | Population | Group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area and are able to produce viable and fertile offspring | 14 | |
| 9770314158 | Postzygotic Barrier | Prevents hybrid organisms from developing into viable, fertile adults. Examples: 1. Reduced Hybrid Fertility 2. Reproductive Isolation 3. Hybrid Breakdown |  | 15 |
| 9770314159 | Prezygotic Barrier | Factors that prevent organisms from mating in order to produce offspring or hinders fertilization. Examples: 1. Temporal Isolation 2. Mechanical Isolation 3. Habitat Isolation 4. Behavioral Isolation 5. Gametic Isolation |  | 16 |
| 9770314160 | Directional Selection | Natural selection where organisms on ONE end of the phenotypic spectrum are able to survive and reproduce better than other organisms. |  | 17 |
| 9770314161 | Disruptive Selection | When organisms on TWO ends of the phenotypic spectrum are able to survive and reproduce better than organisms with intermediate phenotype |  | 18 |
| 9770314162 | Evolution | Change in genotype of organism from generation to generation that allow the organism to be different than their ancestors. Descent with modification. | 19 | |
| 9770314163 | Evolutionary Fitness | Descent where they have a specific trait that will not allow them to die out | 20 | |
| 9770314164 | Homologous Structures | Structures in organisms that are similar | 21 | |
| 9770314165 | Homology | Similarity in characteristics resulting from shared ancestry | 22 | |
| 9770314166 | Hybrid | Offspring that results from the mating of two different species | 23 | |
| 9770314167 | Reproductive Isolation | Biological factors that prevent members from two species from producing viable, fertile offspring |  | 24 |