AP Biology Organic Chemistry Flashcards
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| 8739016562 | monomer | a simple compound whose molecules can join together to form dimers or polymers | 0 | |
| 8739016563 | polymer | large compound formed from combinations of many monomers | 1 | |
| 8739016564 | carbohydrate | organic compound made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio; used for energy or structural support |  | 2 |
| 8739016565 | lipid | organic compound made of carbon, hydrogen & relatively few oxygen used for energy storage; include fats, oils, steroids, waxes and other nonpolar substances |  | 3 |
| 8739016566 | Protein | organic compound that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur; perform many functions including growth, repair and catalysis |  | 4 |
| 8739016567 | amino acid | monomer of a protein contains an amine group (NH2) and a carboxyl group (COOH) |  | 5 |
| 8739016569 | enzyme | protein that acts as a catalyst and speeds up chemical reactions in the cell | 6 | |
| 8739016571 | Hydrogen Bond | weak, noncovalent attraction between a hydrogen atom and an electronegetive atom (O, N, F) | 7 | |
| 8739016572 | Covalent Bond | bonding pairs that shares electrons equally | 8 | |
| 8739016574 | Buffer | Solution that resist change in pH | 9 | |
| 8739016575 | Glucose | Simple sugar that is component of carbohydrates and is also an energy source for living organisms; C6H12O6 | 10 | |
| 8739016578 | ATP | Adenosine Triphosphate; energy molecule used to power cellular processes | 11 | |
| 8739016579 | polar molecule | A molecule that has an unevenly distributed charge. | 12 | |
| 8739016580 | aqueous solution | A solution in which water acts as a solvent | 13 | |
| 8739016581 | hydrophilic | substance that has an affinity for water | 14 | |
| 8739016582 | hydrophobic | substances that do not have affinity for water; nonionic or nonpolar compounds | 15 | |
| 8739016584 | Dehydration synthesis | occurs when two monomers bond together through the loss of a water molecule. |  | 16 |
| 8739016586 | Monosaccharides | carbohydrate monomer, usually a sugar such as glucose | 17 | |
| 8739016587 | Disaccharides | carbohydrate dimer, such as sucrose | 18 | |
| 8739016588 | Polysaccharides | carbohydrate polymer, such as starch, glycogen, cellulose or chitin | 19 | |
| 8739016589 | Acid | solution which contains more H+ ions than OH-; has a pH < 7 | 20 | |
| 8739016590 | Basic | solution which contains more OH- ions than H+; has a pH > 7 | 21 | |
| 8739016591 | Catalyst | substance that speeds up a chemical reaction, but is not changed during the reaction | 22 | |
| 8739016592 | Glycogen | carbohydrate polymer found in animals composed of bonded glucose molecules |  | 23 |
| 8739016594 | macromolecules | organic polymer | 24 | |
| 8739016595 | starch | carbohydrate polymer found in plants; composed of bonded glucose molecules |  | 25 |
| 8739016596 | Cellulose | Polysaccharide that makes up plant cell walls |  | 26 |
| 8739016597 | Chitin | polysaccharide that makes up the shells and exoskeletons of some animals and the cell walls of fungi |  | 27 |
| 8739016598 | fatty acid | subunit of triglycerides composed of long chains of carbon atoms with attached hydrogens |  | 28 |
| 8739016599 | phospholipid | amphiphatic lipid that composes most of the cell membrane |  | 29 |
| 8739016600 | Steroid | lipid made up of a carbon skeleton consisting of 4 fused rings |  | 30 |
| 8739016601 | Cholesterol | important steroid found in animal cell membranes |  | 31 |
| 8739016602 | nucleic acid | organic compounds consisting of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus which store and transmit genetic information |  | 32 |