Ap Flashcards

6736953159	World trade network	During the period prior to Columbus the major trading networks were the Indian Ocean Trade, the Silk Roads, and the Trans-Saharan trade routes. These allowed for a trading network that included Asia, Africa, and Europe. A truly "world" trade network would not develop under the discovery of the Americas.	0
6736953160	Byzantine empire	The Eastern Roman Empire that outlasted the Roman Empire by hundreds of years. It's location and control of the Dardanelles provided riches to the empire. It served as the center of Christianity for the eastern part of Europe. It encompassed large sections of Asia and parts of Europe and Africa. Nationalism caused problems in the empire as Arabs sought to separate themselves from the Byzantine Empire and support Islam and conquest.	1
6736953161	Feudalism	Political system used in Europe and Japan. The system was based on military service (knights and samurais) in exchange for land grants made to the lords or shoguns. In Europe the King had a lot of power while in Japan, the Emperor was only a figurehead. The Code of Chivalry guided the behavior of the European knights while the Code of Bushido guided the behavior of the Japanese Samurai.	2
6736953162	Urbanization	The settlement of people into cities. Normally associated with industrialization, as that would cause large numbers of people to settle near each other. China was the most urbanized during the Middle Ages, while European cities became the most urbanized after the Renaissance.	3
6736953163	Plague	Black Death that devastated Europe during the Middle Ages. Came from Asia along trade routes and were spread by the fleas on rats. Was called a pandemic due to its quick nature.	4
6736953164	Migrations	Movements of large groups of people from one place to another. Normally very disruptive to the area being "invaded." Warfare, political upheaval, and conflict normally occur, as does cultural diffusion. Most notable migrations: Huns, Germans, Arabs, Vikings, Bantu, Mongols, Turks, and Aztecs.	5
6736953165	East west schism	The split in Christianity in 1054. Prior to this time there was only one "Christian Church." The Catholic (universal) Church split into a Roman/Western Church and an Eastern Orthodox Church. Issues that led to the schism included the use of icons, the role of the Pope, and the celibacy of priests. They remain slip today. Roman Catholics are dominant in Western Europe, Canada, Australia, and Latin America. Eastern Orthodoxy is dominant in Greece, Russia, eastern Europe, and the Middle East (those who are Christians in the ME are predominantly Orthodox. During one of the Crusades the Europeans actually sacked Constantinople, the center of Orthodox Christianity. Pope John Paul II apologized in the 1990s.	6
6736953166	Economic revolutions	Refers to major advances and changes occurring in an economic system. Historically would apply to the major changes in Tang and Song China.	7
6736953167	Missionary	A person who intentionally spreads a faith. Historically, Buddhists, Christians, and Muslims have been active in missionary outreach.	8
6736953168	Far al Islam	Unity in the Islamic world through language and religion. Similar to "nationalism" but transcends boundaries of race and ethnic background.	9