AP Flashcards

10206065289	approval ratings	a measurement of how popular, or unpopular, a leader or program is among the public.	0
10206065290	17th Amendment	Direct election of senators	1
10206065291	Trustee Role	Legislative behavior is based on independent judgment of what is best policy and public interest.	2
10206065292	Checks and Balances	authority shared by three branches of government, separation of powers	3
10206065293	Bills originate	house of representative	4
10206065294	casework	social work directly concerned with individuals, especially that involving a study of a person's family history and personal circumstances.	5
10206065295	congressional oversight	Congress follows up on laws that have been put into place	6
10206065296	logrolling	An agreement by two or more lawmakers to support each other's bills	7
10206065297	Senate Leadership	Senate Majority Leader, Vice-President, Senate Pro Tempore, Majority/Minority leaders & whips	8
10206065298	conference committee	works out a compromise between differing House-Senate versions of a bill	9
10206065299	Census	A periodic and official count of a country's population.	10
10206065300	Gerrymandering	Process of redrawing legislative boundaries for the purpose of benefiting the party in power.	11
10206065301	House of Representatives	435 members, based on population of each state, each state has at least one house member	12
10206065302	Fillibuster	the use of long speeches to prevent the vote on a bill	13
10206065303	override veto	legislative over executive	14
10206065304	Chief Executive	Term for the President as vested with the executive power of the United States, Head of executive branch.	15
10206065305	expressed powers	specific powers granted by the Constitution to Congress and to the president	16
10206065306	Bully Pulpit	a platform used to publicize and seek support for important issues	17
10206065307	executive orders	Formal orders issued by the president to direct action by the federal bureaucracy.	18
10206065308	Advise and Consent	the power of the senate to approve or disapprove of any of the president's appointments or treaties	19
10206065309	electoral college	a body of electors chosen by voters to cast ballots for president and vice president	20
10206065310	inherent powers	powers claimed by a president that are not expressed in the Constitution but are inferred from it	21
10206065311	executive privilege	the President's power to refuse to disclose information	22
10206065312	Veto	To reject a bill and prevent it from becoming a law	23
10206065313	22nd Amendment	Amendment that created a 2 term limit on presidents.	24
10206065314	executive agreement	an agreement between the president and the heads of other nations	25
10206065336	captured agency's		26
10206065315	Sunset Legislation	Laws set to expire unless specifically re-authorized by Congress.	27
10206065316	Spoils System	A system of public employment based on rewarding party loyalists and friends.	28
10206065317	Independent Executive Agencies	A federal agency that is not part of a cabinet department but reports directly to the president.	29
10206065318	Independent Regulatory Agencies	Federal regulatory agencies that are independent, thus not fully under the power of the president.	30
10206065319	Department of Homeland Security	US federal agency created in 2002 to coordinate national efforts against terrorism	31
10206065320	government corporation	government agency that performs a service normally provided by the private sector	32
10206065321	iron triangle	A close relationship between an agency, a congressional committee, and an interest group	33
10206065337	Congress vs agency		34
10206065322	class action suit	A case brought by someone to help him or her and all others who are similarly situated	35
10206065323	original jurisdiction	the power of a court to hear a case first, before any other court	36
10206065324	Judicial Review	Allows the court to determine the constitutionality of laws	37
10206065325	stare decisis	Let the decision stand; decisions are based on precedents from previous cases	38
10206065326	Rule of Four	At least four justices of the Supreme Court must vote to consider a case before it can be heard	39
10206065327	dissenting opinion	a signed opinion in which one or more justices disagree with the majority view	40
10206065328	judicial activism	philosophy that the courts should take an active role in solving problems	41
10206065329	strict construction	a way of interpreting the constitution based on its language alone	42
10206065330	political question	an issue that a court believes should be decided by the executive or legislative branch	43
10206065331	Medicare	medical assistant to the poor	44
10206065338	conversation		45
10206065339	preservation		46
10206065332	health care costs	the amount that is paid or charged for health care	47
10206065333	Recessions	Periods of falling real incomes and rising unemployment	48
10206065334	Depression	A period of low economic activity and rising unemployment	49
10206065264	Inflation	A general and progressive increase in prices	50
10206065265	Entitlements	Social welfare programs with specific requirements	51
10206065266	fiscal policy	Government policy that attempts to manage the economy by controlling taxing and spending.	52
10206065267	monetary policy	The management of the money supply and interest rates	53
10206065268	Balance Budget	plan requiring that what the government spends will not exceed its income	54