AP Biology Chapter 8 Flashcards
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| 5705709470 | autotroph | organisms that feed themselves without eating anything derived from other living beings | 0 | |
| 5705720001 | heterotrophs | organisms that live on compounds produced by other organisms | 1 | |
| 5705726044 | mesophyll | the tissue in the interior of a leaf |  | 2 |
| 5705733271 | stroma | the dense fluid inside a chloroplast |  | 3 |
| 5705772163 | granum (pl grana) | a stacked membranous structure within the chloroplasts of plants and green algae that contains the chlorophyll and is the site of the light reactions of photosynthesis |  | 4 |
| 5705786318 | thylakoid membrane | the third membrane system of a plant that creates sac-like structures that are stacked into grana |  | 5 |
| 5705800870 | stomata | pores in leaves through which CO2 enters and O2 exits |  | 6 |
| 5705813381 | chlorophyll | a pigment in the chloroplasts of a leaf that absorbs light energy used for photosynthesis | 7 | |
| 5705828961 | photophosphorylation | the attaching of phosphate molecules to another molecule using energy derived from light energy |  | 8 |
| 5705976997 | cyclic photophosphorylation | photophosphorylation where the materials used in the beginning of photophosphorylation are created by it |  | 9 |
| 5705837570 | carbon fixation | the initial incorporation of carbon from the air into organic compounds |  | 10 |
| 5705846389 | NADP | an ion acceptor | 11 | |
| 5705855237 | antioxidant | a substance that inhibits oxidation, especially one used to counteract the deterioration of stored food products | 12 | |
| 5705880249 | photosystems (I and II) | a reaction-center complex surrounded by light-harvesting complexes where light energy is transferred to chemical energy |  | 13 |
| 5705890299 | electron acceptor | a molecule capable of being reduced and accepting electrons | 14 | |
| 5705911847 | reaction center | an organized association of proteins holding a special pair of chlorophyll a molecules |  | 15 |
| 5705921669 | photon | nontangible particles of light that have a fixed quantity of energy | 16 | |
| 5705931824 | ground state | an atom's lowest state of energy where each electron is on the lowest energy level possible |  | 17 |
| 5705966773 | excited state | an atom's state of energy where energy has been added and electrons occupy a higher energy level than normal | | 18 |
| 5706033231 | photorespiration | a respiratory process in many higher plants by which they take up oxygen in the light and give out some carbon dioxide, contrary to the general pattern of photosynthesis |  | 19 |
| 5706047845 | RuBisCO | an enzyme present in plant chloroplasts, involved in fixing atmospheric carbon dioxide during photosynthesis and in oxygenation of the resulting compound during photorespiration | 20 | |
| 5706055485 | G3P | the 3-carbon carbohydrate directly produced by the Calvin Cycle | 21 | |
| 5706069177 | 3-PGA | the first stable intermediate in glycolysis | 22 | |
| 5706112515 | PEP | a three-carbon compound that is the substrate for carbon dioxide fixation during photosynthesis in C 4 plants; an intermediate in glycolysis that is the precursor to pyruvate | 23 | |
| 5706086249 | PEP carboxylase | an enzyme responsible for the formation of the four-carbon compound oxaloacetate by catalyzing the binding of one molecule of carbon dioxide to the three-carbon compound PEP | 24 | |
| 5706131645 | CAM plant | plants whose stomatas open and close in reaction to light energy received in the daytime or nighttime; they open their stomata at night to take in CO2 and close them during the day to preserve water |  | 25 |
| 5706149901 | pigment | an organic compound that gives a characteristic color to plant or animal tissues and is involved in vital processes | 26 | |
| 5706160665 | oxaloacetate | a metabolic intermediate in the Krebs cycle 1 | 27 | |
| 5706187184 | malate | a metabolic intermediate in the Krebs cycle 2 | 28 |